初中基础语法

--专题五、一般将来时、be going to用法

一、一般将来时的动词形式

一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态；或是打算计划以及决定要做某件事情等。常与tomorrow, next… , in （the） future，soon, in five days，in two weeks等连用。

―I’ll, You’ll, He’ll , She’ll , It’ll, We’ll , They’ll …‖ 是简缩形式。 其结构有如下几种:

1.will + 动词原形(will可以用于任何人称)

注意：当主语是第一人称时will可以换成shall,特别是在以I或we作主语的问句中,一般用shall.

She will come back in three days.

Shall we go to the zoo?

I will be at home tomorrow.

2.be going to +动词原形 They are going to clean their classroom this afternoon.

二．一般将来时的各种句型

1.肯定句：主语+shall /will+动词+其他.

They will go shopping this afternoon.

We shall be there before dark.

2.否定句：主语+shall /will+not+动词+其他.

They will go shopping this afternoon.

We shall not be there before dark.

3.一般疑问句：shall /will+主语+动词+其他?

Will they go shopping this afternoon?

Shall we be there before dark?

4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+shall /will+主语+动词+其他?

When will they go shopping?

What sall I do?

5.there be的将来时：there will be

There will be a show in the park tonight.

一、选择

1. _____you ____a doctor when you grow up?

A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be

2. He will be back _____a few minutes.

A with B for C on D in

3. What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrow?

A will B shall C do D are

4. It ____my brother’s birthday tomorrow. She is going to have a party.

A is going to be B will be C will is D will have

5. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _____11.

A is B is going to be C will be D will to be

二、 用所给词适当形式填空

1. -―I need some paper.‖ - ―I ____(bring)some for you.‖

2.____ (be)you free tomorrow?

3. They _________(not leave) until you come back.

4. _____we_____(go) to the party together this afternoon?

5. There (be) a sports meeting in our school tomorrow.

6. I _____(go) with you if I have time.

7.Hurry up! Or we ______(be) late.

8.What ____you _______(do) tomorrow afternoon?

9. Jenny ____ _____ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.

10. If she isn’t free tomorrow, she _______(not take) part in the party.

be going to用法

be going to 是一种固定结构，其中"be"会根据主语的人称变化用"is, am ,are"，它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next week，this morning/afternoon/evening, at night, this weekend, soon等。

1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有―准备；打算‖的意思。这种主观意图，一般已做过事先安排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。 We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.（安排）

2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。

Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.（推测）

I‖m not feeling well, I‖m going to be ill. （表示说话人的感觉而已）

一、 陈述句

肯定句 主语+be(am / is / are) + going to +动词原形+其它。

They are going to see the car factory next week.

否定句:在be的后面加not.

They are not going to see the car factory next week.

二、一般疑问句

Be(am is are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其它?

—Are they going to see the car factory next week?

—Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.)

三、特殊疑问句

疑问词+be(am is are)+主语+ going to+动词原形+其它? Who is she going to see this afternoon?

四、there be 句型的be going to 结构为：there is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。

There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.

一、选择

( ) 1.--What are you going to do this weekend?

--I am going ____ my grandmother and grandfather.

A. visit B. to visit C. visiting

( ) 2.What ____ you want to be?

A. are B. does C. do

( )3. -- ___________. --I’m going to the science museum.

A. What are you going to do this afternoon?

B. What are you doing?

C. What are you?

( A. Do you go to school by bike every day?

B. How do you go to school every day, Helen?

C. Do you walk to school every day?

( )5.-- _______________. --I usually read books.

A. What are you doing? B. What do you do in the evening?

2.-_____________ are they going to school? -They go to school by school bus.

3.-_____________ are you going to the museum? –Tomorrow afternoon.

4.-_____________ are we going to buy? –We are going to buy some fruit.

5.-_____________ is she going with? –She is going to Beijing with her mum.

三．用提示词回答问题。

1．Where are you going this evening？（the cinema）

2．When are you going to take a trip？（tomorrow）

3．How are you going to the US？（plane）

易错点

1.There_________ a basketball match this afternoon.

A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have

2.I’m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow.

A to will go B to go to C go to D to go

at school next Monday.

A.is B.be C.are D.am

4. He is going to his homework after school.

A. does B.do C.did D.be

综合练习

一、用所给动词的一般将来时填空

1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I leave.

2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country?

—About one more year.

—What ______ you ______（do）after you leave here?

—I ______（return）home and get a job.

3. I am tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.

4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.

5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.

6. —_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday?

—No. I ______（visit）my teacher.

7. —______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper?

—Thank you.

8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.

二、单项选择

1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. is going to have B. will going to be

C. is going to be D. will go to be

2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working

C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work

3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be

4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be

5. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

7. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you at once.

A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get

9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are

10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have

11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.

A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give

12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote

13. He ________ in three days.

A. coming back B. came back

C. will come back D. is going to coming back

14. – Will his parents go to see the film tomorrow? – No, ________ .

A. they willn’t B. they won’t. C. they aren’t D. they don’t.

15. We ________ the work this way next time.

A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing

16. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be B. is going to be

C. shall going to be D. will going to be

17. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have

18. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.

A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend

三、把下列各句译成英语

1．我叔叔今晚要来。

2．他没有打算住那座小屋。

3．我们要读这本书。

4．—你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？—不，他要去游泳。