厚皮甜瓜腔内种子的生长发育规律

0引言

【研究意义】腔内种子发芽（Seed germination

in fruit ）是指种子在未成熟果实内发芽的一种特殊

生理现象，会导致商品瓜口感变差、品质下降及制种产量和质量降低，间接增加制种成本。厚皮甜瓜种子具有腔内发芽特性，提前摘瓜采种是降低其种子腔内发芽率的有效措施，但采种过早，种子尚未发育成熟，发芽和成苗能力弱；采种过迟，大量种子已于厚皮甜瓜腔内种子的生长发育规律

刘文君1，周建辉1，黄凤婵1，张

曼1*，范爱丽1，高忠奎2，陈宝玲1（1广西农业科学院蔬菜研究所，南宁530007；2广西农业科学院科研基地管理处，南宁

530007）摘要：【目的】分析厚皮甜瓜腔内种子的生长发育规律，为提高厚皮甜瓜制种产量和质量提供参考依据。【方法】以

具有腔内种子发芽特性的厚皮甜瓜自交系05-6为试验材料，分析授粉后果实腔内种子的生长发育规律、腔内种子发

芽的发生时期和变化趋势，比较不同授粉天数果实腔内种子的饱满程度、数量、发芽率、成苗率和幼苗健壮程度差

异。【结果】厚皮甜瓜腔内种子成熟时间比果实成熟时间早，授粉后第26d 种子已充分饱满。其中，未发芽种子的饱满

度、数量、发芽和成苗能力及成苗的健壮程度与授粉后第35d （即果实完全成熟时）相比差异不显著（P >0.05）；已发芽

种子数量显著少于授粉后第35d 腔内发芽种子数量（P <0.05）。【结论】提前摘瓜采种是降低厚皮甜瓜腔内种子发芽率

的有效措施，厚皮甜瓜材料05-6的适宜采种时间为授粉后第26d 。

关键词：厚皮甜瓜；种子；腔内发芽；采种时间

中图分类号：S652.01文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2017）08-1448-04

收稿日期：2016-08-13

基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西特色水果创新团队建设项目（nycytxgxcxtd-04-19-10）；广西自然科学基金项目

（2013GXNSFBA019069，2015GXNSFBA139100）；广西农业科学院科技成果转化项目（农成转2016015）

作者简介：*为通讯作者，张曼（1970-），研究员，主要从事蔬菜遗传育种研究工作，E-mail ：zm112@http://doc.docsou.com 。刘文君（1980-），副

研究员，主要从事蔬菜育种与生理研究工作，E-mail ：liuwenjun@http://doc.docsou.com Growth and development regulation of intracavity seeds in muskmelon

LIU Wen-jun 1，ZHOU Jian-hui 1，HUANG Fen-chan 1，ZHANG Man 1*，FAN Ai-li 1，

GAO Zhong-kui 2，CHEN Bao-ling 1

(1Vegetable Research Institute ，Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences ，Nanning 530007，China ；2Scientific

Research Base Management Office ，Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences ，Nanning 530007，China)

Abstract ：【Objective 】The study were carried out to investigate growth and developmental regulation of intracavity

seeds in muskmelon ，and provide reference for improving seed production yield and quality.【Method 】The experiments

used inbred line 05-6whose seeds germinated in fruit as material.Seeds growth and development in fruit after pollination ，occurrence time and change trend of intracavity seeds germination were analyzed.Differences of seeds plumpness ，germi-

nated seed number ，germination rate,survival seedlings rate ，robustness level of seedlings in different days after pollina-

tion were compared.【Result 】The maturity of intracavity seeds was earlier than muskmelon fruits.On day 26after pollina-

tion ，seeds were fully matured.In terms of the ungerminated seeds,compared with seeds on day 35after pollination(when

the fruit were completely mature)，there were no significant （P >0.05）differences in seeds plumpness ，number,germination

ability ，survival seedlings ability ，robustness level of seedling.By contrary ，the number of germinated seeds was signifi-

cantly fewer than that in fruit on 35d after pollination （P <0.05）.【Conclusion 】Picking up fruit and collecting seeds in ad-

vance before fruits is matured fully is effective strategy for reducing seeds germination rate in fruit ，and the most suitable

picking time was day 26after pollination for muskmelon 05-6.

Key words ：muskmelon ；seed ；seed germination in fruit ；seed collecting time