很实用 初三复习必备

很实用 初三复习必备

一 构成

grammar:

主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。 1.现在时被动语态： am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词，(be是助 动词) e.g:English is spoken by many people. German isn’t taught in our school. Is French studied in your school?

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2.过去时的被动语态： was/were+及物动词的过去分词e.g:These new houses were built in 2000. My bike wasn’t made in Shanghai. Was this kind of machine made in Shenzhen? 注意：被动语态中be的形式是由主语决定的

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3.情态动词的被语态： must/can/may+be+动词的过去分词e.g: The car mustn’t be stopped here. Can this chair be taken out of the room? This job must be finished on time.

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小窍门： 我们可以这样看被动语态的基本构成： be + 及物动词的过去分词 表示时态 表示被动 要变化 不变化

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二 被动语态的几种类型：

1 主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态 He saw her in the shop yesterday. She was seen in the shop yesterday. 2 主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态 Jim gave me a book. I was given a book by Jim. A book was given to me by Jim.

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3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. They made him work 12 hours a day. He was made to work 12 hours a day.

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4 短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.

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三 被动语态的注意事项 1 “主语+系动词+表语”的句子没有被动语 态 2 there be 句型没有被动语态 3 主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态 4 主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有 被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有: The nurse looked after him carefully. The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.

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Practice:

1 Must I pay for it at once? Must been paid for _____ it ____ _____ _____ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. will be built A new lab ____ ____ _____. 3 They aren’t stopping the traffic now. isn’t been stopping The traffic ____ ____ _______ now. 4 How long have you kept the book? has been kept How long ____ the book ____ ____?

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is done 5 If your homework ______(do) well,you may go to play. 6 Mr.Green was seen _______ (grow) to grow trees. looked at 7 The blackboard was ________ (look) carefully by the students. will made 8 The ship model ____ be ____ (make) in two days.

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Translate the following sentences. 1.我们必须采取措施以阻止河流的进一步污

染。 Something _______ _______ ______ to stop the river from being polluted more. 2.世界上讲英语的人是最多的。 English _____ _______ by the largest number of people in the world.

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3.明年我校还要修一幢新教学楼。

Another new teaching building _____

_____ _______ in our school next year. 4.中国南方种水稻。 Rice ____ ______ in

South China. 5.昨天爸爸给你买了一辆自行车。 A bike ______ ________ for you by your father yesterday.

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6.前天在街道拐弯处发生了一起车祸。 A car accident _______ _____ at the street

corner the day before yesterday.

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考点聚焦 1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。 The workers were made

12 hours a

day n the old days. A. work B. to work 2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。 Their homework half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed

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【考点】主动

【考点】主动

make sb. do see sb. do hear sb. do let sb. do watch sb. dogive sb. sth. pass sb. sth. sell sb. sth. lend sb. sth. bring sb. sth. make sb. sth. buy sb. sth.

be made to do 被动 be seen to do sb. be heard to do be let to do be watched to do

be given to sb. be passed to sb. 被动 be sold to sb. sth. be lent to sb. be brought to sb. be made for sb. be bought for sb.