新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Module 11

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

11.1 Ethical economics1 2 3Reading: Coffeenomics

Vocabulary: Financial and trade terms Speaking: The economics of your country Grammar: Articles

45 6LOGO

Listening: Fairtrade

Speaking: Giving reasons and benefits

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

1. The two photos below show the beginning and the end of the process of making coffee. Work in pairs. How many stages can you think of in between to complete the process?

- coffee grown - coffee picked - coffee transported

- coffee sold and shipped - coffee sold on to shops - coffee bought and drunk

- coffee packedLOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

2 . Write in the correct letter, A-F, for the missing sentences to complete the text. There is one extra sentence.A. This process alone adds at least 50% to its price. B. Here, coffee production is the staple crop for many millions of growers. C. The only bit controlled in the Fairtrade system is the price a farmer is paid for produce. D. Coffee is the second most traded commodity in the world after oil. E. It guarantees to pay growers a fixed proportion for their coffee, which is above standard market rates. F. Local council taxes add another £25,000 to that.

Coffeenomics: the true cost of our caffeine addictionThe next time you hand over £3 for your deluxe cappuccino, ask yourself how much the roasted beans that went into that cup really cost. For your average cup of coffee, the producer receives roughly 10p – that’s about 3.5%. This disparity is causing increasing concern among some charities who believe that the excessive profits of coffee shop chains come at the expense of vulnerable coffee producers in countries like Ethiopia, Kenya or Latin America. (1)___________. For example, in Ethiopia alone, 15 million people depend on LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

the coffee trade, which constitutes around 50% of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and 90% of its exports. The average wage paid to laborers who pick the beans and work on farms is about 50p a day. So where do the added costs come from? According to experts, by the time it is consumed by us in our homes or in a coffee shop, the bean may actually change hands up to 150 times, each time facing a mark-up as it is transported, roasted, packaged and sold. (2)___________. Then another 10% in export costs with freight and insurance before an importer takes over. Finally, it is sold to us in a coffee shop – and running a coffee shop is not cheap. For example, take your typical coffee shop in a shopping precinct, seating 75 inside and 50 outside. The rent is £20,000 a year. (3)__________. In other words, even before adding staffing costs and overheads, setting aside an mount for redecoration and maintenance on the property, this particular coffee shop needs to sell a minimumA. This process alone adds at least 50% to its price. B. Here, coffee production is the staple crop for many millions of growers. C. The only bit controlled in the Fairtrade system is the price a farmer is paid for produce. D. Coffee is the second most traded commodity

in the world after oil. E. It guarantees to pay growers a fixed proportion for their coffee, which is above standard market rates. F. Local council taxes add another £25,000 to that.

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

of 50,000 coffees a year, or 200 coffees a day. Factor in these additional costs and we are probably talking about a break-even total of 400 coffees a day. However, irrespective of how much we end up paying or the reasons why, the reality is that growers themselves see only a tiny proportion of that amount. Organizations like Fairtrade do try to make a difference. (4)___________. For example, a farmer selling a pound of Fairtrade Arabica coffee is paid $1.26 compared to the world market price of $1.10 a pound. The Fairtrade price also includes 5¢ which is invested back into community projects. Many shops and coffee bars do now offer Fairtrade coffee to customers alongside their standard offering, but not all of that inflated price goes to the grower. (5)_________. After that, mark-ups are determined by the retailers and middlemen. That said, at least Fairtrade is one small step that does help farmers around the world get a better price for their products.A. This process alone adds at least 50% to its price. B. Here, coffee production is the staple crop for many millions of growers. C. The only bit controlled in the Fairtrade system is the price a farmer is paid for produce. D. Coffee is the second most traded commodity in the world after oil. E. It guarantees to pay growers a fixed proportion for their coffee, which is above standard market rates. F. Local council taxes add another £25,000 to that.

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

3. These four visual aids refer to the economics of the coffee trade. Read the article above and write in the missing facts and figures in these visual aids.

EXPORTS10% = OTHER

10p (pence) Only (1)__________ goes to the grower.

coffee 90% = (7)_____

£3

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Key facts: Ethiopia 15 (2)____________ million people in coffee trade

(3)____________% of GDP 5050 (4)____________ pence = a laborer’s pay per day1.3

Coffee Shop OutgoingsSalaries £115,000 (5)___________ £65,000 rent service charge (6)_____________ £20,000 Overheads £80,500

1.25 1.2 1.15 1.1 1.05 1 World $1.10 Fairtrade (8) $_______ 1.26

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Vocabulary: Financial and trade termsMatch these definitions to the words in bold in the article.disparity freight charities overheads gross domestic product factor in change hands mark-up middlemen break-even total

middlemen 1. People who handle goods between the producer and the retailer. __________ disparity 2. A large difference (in price, for example). __________ 3. Be bought and sold. _____________ change hands overheads 4. Cost of heating, lighting and electricity. ___________ 5. Take items into account to calculate costs. __________ factor in break-even total 6. The amount needed to pay costs before profit. ________________

mark-up 7. The amount added to the product when it is sold. _________8. Goods which are transported by

ships, planes, lorries, etc. _________ freight 9. The total value of goods and services produced by a country in one year. ______________________ gross domestic product

10. Organizations which help and represent the interests of a group of people in need, __________ charities LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Speaking: The economics of your countryWork in small groups and discuss the following questions about each of your countries. If you don’t know all the answers to the questions, try to find out for the next lesson and prepare a short presentation.

1) Is there a large disparity between rich and poor in your country?

* The top 20% of the population consumes 50% of overall nationalincome, while the bottom 20% have to make do with a mere 4.7%.

* Income inequality has worsened rapidly.2) Do you think the disparity between poor and rich countries can be controlled? Should it be controlled?

* If these trends continue there could be serious social unrest.

* Rich countries can support poor countries in finance, technology, education,culture, health care donation or low-interest loan.

* International organizations formulate favorable policies in support of poorcountries.

* International agencies can strengthen national efforts to achieve greaterequity. LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

3) What are some of the biggest charities in your country? Do they have much influence over your government and businesses? * Among biggest charities in China are China Charity Federation, RedCross Society of China, Chinese Red Cross Foundation, China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, Project Hope, to mention a few.

* Influence and assist government’s decisions * Help government effectively in times of natural disasters.

4) What are the most important products and services for your country’s GDP?* Important products and services for China’s GDP include coal, power,steel, house-hold appliances, financing, catering and tourism.

* IT products and services, electromechanical products, financing andtourism are pillar industries for national economy in China.

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Grammar: ArticlesWrite in the missing articles the, a, an or 0 (the zero article) in this text about Fairtrade. (1)_________ Fairtrade is (2)________ international certification mark used in 21 countries as (3)________ marketing initiative to help developing nations. Britain has (4)________ largest Fairtrade market in (5)_______ world, which has seen (6)_______ amazing increase

over the last five years. The organization is also strong in (7)_______Netherlands, where Fairtrade first started, and in Switzerland and Scandinavia. Originally started in 1989 as (8)______ scheme to help

poor producers, (9)_______ Fairtrade Foundation was establishedthree years later. Now there are over (10)_____ 550 certified producers representing over one million farmers in 52 countries.

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

语法小结要点解释：定冠词the用于1)某些国名，2)形容词最高级，3)独一无二的事物，4)之前 已提到过的人或者事物

eg. The United States is among those countries interested.

China is the biggest producer of these goods.Who’s the supplier in your country? The leaders will hold talks on trade. 不定冠词a, an用于1)工作，2)单数名词，3)一些数字。 eg. I’m a finance director. This is an international certification mark. I only have a hundred left. 以下场合不用冠词(0冠词):1)城市、乡镇及大多数国名，2)复数名词 eg. Madrid is my favorite destination. When do you fly to China?

Leaders of the G8 countries are meeting in Toronto this weekend.LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

Listening: Fairtrade1. Can you buy these Fairtrade products in your country? Would you buy these products even if they were more expensive? Why? Why not?

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

LOGO

新编剑桥商务英语unit11

As to cosmetics, the most famous is the Body Shop, pioneers of fair trade for 20 years now. They aren’t cheap, but they’re ethically right and usually of extremely high quality. Ethical buying / shopping can mean buying products from companies or stores who care about the ethics of what they produce; and boycotting the ones who don’t. Shop / buy with a clear conscience Spend ethically Ethical and sustainable goods Important to support local workers or farmers and their rights

LOGO