新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

Unit 1

Test I Vocabulary

1. _____ to British universities depends on examination results.

A) Admittance

B) Entry

C) Admission

D) Entrance

2. The database is only ______ by authorized managers.

A) proved

B) accessible

C) approved

D) access

3. This traditional _______ is of indigo blue.

A) clothes

B) diversity

C) costume

D) institution

4. These cigarettes are a ______ of the best tobaccos.

A) blend

B) band

C) mixture

D) mess

5. The tennis players need total ______ during play.

A) concentration

B) section

C) depression

D) energy

6. He _____ that he was innocent.

A) announced

B) declared

C) disclosed

D) admitted

7. Columbus discovered America but did not _____ the new continent.

A) seek

B) investigate

C) search

D) explore

8. The trees _____ their foliage every year.

A) repeat

B) grow

C) refresh

D) renew

9. Make a list of the various _____.

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

A) options

B) choice

C) optional

D) samples

10. I am well aware that this is a ________ job.

A) rough

B) tough

C) wealthy

D) rogue

11. I found their kindness quite _____.

A) strong

B) overweening

C) keen

D) overwhelming

12. The captain wasn’t ___ on having him in the team.

A) eager

B) keen

C) overwhelmed

D) anxious

13. He was ________ at the prospect of seeing them again.

A) thrilling

B) blessed

C) thrilled

D) emotional

14. They ___ against travelling at night in such a dangerous country.

A) consul

B) advocate

C) counsel

D) recommend

15. It is absolutely vital that food supplied should be _____.

A) sustained

B) enhanced

C) exhausted

D) maintained

16. He must have had an accident, or he ______ then.

A) would have been here

B) had to be here

C) should be here

D) would be here

17. It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline (截止日期).

A) must be sent

B) would be sent

C) be sent

D) were sent

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

18. We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

A) just have had

B) have just had

C) just had

D) had just had

19. The bridge was named _______ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.

A) after

B) with

C) by

D) from

20. It wasn’t such a go od dinner _______ she had promised us.

A) that

B) which

C) as

D) What

Test II

Part 2: Banked Cloze

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the

bank is identified by a letter. Write the correct LETTER in each blank. You may NOT

use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Managing emot ions. The young adult’s (6)__G___ task is to become aware of personal feelings and to recognize that they provide information relevant to (7)__N___ behavior or to decisions about future plans. As a larger (8)__L___ of feelings is fully acknowledged and expressed in (9)__B___ ways, new and more useful patterns of expression and control can be achieved.

Becoming autonomous. Mature autonomy requires both emotional independence (freedom from continual and pressing needs for reassurance and approval) and (10)__E___ independence (the ability to structure one’s life and master the environment in ways that allow for

(11)__O___ to satisfy one’s daily needs, carry on activities, and (12)__A__ with problems without

extensive direction or support from others). Simultaneously, he must accept interdependence, recognizing the reciprocal nature of the relationship between the (13)__I___ and his/her community, that one cannot receive benefits from a social structure without (14)__D___ to it and that personal rights have a corollary social (15)__M___.

Word Bank:

A. cope

B. appropriate

C. extensive

D. contributing

E. instrumental

F. counseling

G. initial

H. identification

I. individual

J. maintain

K. sought L. range M. responsibility N. contemplated O. mobilization

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

Part 3: Reading Comprehension

Directions:There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and

D. You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Girls think they are cleverer, more successful and harder working than boys from as young as four, a study has found. Boys come round to this view by the age of seven or eight and assume that girls will outperform them at school and behave better in lessons, research from the University of Kent shows. The study — Gender Expectations and Stereotype Threat — argues that teachers have lower expectations of boys than of girls and this belief fulfills itself throughout primary and secondary school.

Girls’ performance at school may be boosted by what they perceive to be their teachers’ belief that they will achieve higher results and be more conscientious (认真的，勤奋的) than boys, the academics claim. Boys may underachieve because they pick up in teachers’ assumptions that they will obtain lower results than girls and have less drive.

“By seven or eight years old children of both genders believe that boys are less focused, able and successful than girls —and think that adults endorse (认可) this stereotype,”the academic Bonny Hartley said. “There are signs that these expectations have the potential to become self-fulfilling in influencing children’s actual conduct and achievement.” Hartley said that while it was unacceptable to divide classes by the race of their pupils, this was not the case for gender. “In this way, it is widely acceptable to pitch the boys against the girls or ‘harmlessly’ divide the class in this way for practical ease.”

Jenny Parkes, senior lecturer at the Institute of Education, University of London, said there had been marked changes in girls’ achievement in the UK in the latter half of the 20th century, in part thanks to feminism’s influence on the way girls view themselves.

“This seems to be particularly the case for middle-class girls. Some studies have looked at how academic work is seen as ‘feminine’ and so for some boys achieving highly at school risks being labeled as feminine,” Parkes said.

“At the same time, this differs across different countries, ethnic and social class groups and from subject to subject. Adults do have an important role in helping children — whether they are girls or boys, high or low achievers —to have confidence in themselves as learners. ”

16. By referring to the first paragraph, the study shows that ______.

A) girls become cleverer than boys from as young as four

B) teachers believe that girls could outperform boys at school

C) teachers have higher expectations of girls only during primary school

D) boys begin to fulfill themselves in their study by the age of seven or eight

17. The likely result of teachers’ gender prejudice is that _____.

A) boys have not enough motivation to do well at school

B) girls are less successful in their study than boys

C) parents also pick up on the same notion

D) boys are underestimated by girls

18. What does Bonny Hartley think of class division by gender?

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

A) Inevitable.

B) Unpractical.

C) Beneficial.

D) Unacceptable.

19. Why did British girls have great academic progress in the latter half of the 20th century?

A) Boys with good performance at school were labeled as feminine.

B) Feminism advocated women’s superiority over men.

C) Middle-class girls were particularly smart.

D) Feminism affected the girls’ view of themselves.

20. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A) Adults should be sure of themselves as learners.

B) Adults could contribute a lot to children’s learning.

C) Adults should pay all their attention to boys of low achievement.

D) All the countries have the same attitude to children’s learning.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

When next year’s crop of high school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who’ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor — a position equivalent to university president in America.

Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it’s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.

The chief reason is that American schools don’t te nd to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consid eration,” says Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old businessman and political activist (活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.

Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators, and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.

In the past few years, prominent schools around the world have joined the trend. In the 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, at its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen (监督) “ a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position. ”

Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practice.

21. As to higher education, which statement can describe the current trend by referring to the

passage?

A) Many educators are crossing the Atlantic.

B) Higher education has turned into competitive business.

C) American universities are enrolling more international students.

D) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U. S.

22. What is the most significant factor for American universities to hire top-level administrators?

A) Their academic qualification.

B) Their competence to raise funds.

C) Their reputation in academic circles.

D) Their overseas experience.

23. What description about European universities is true according to the passage?

A) The tuition they charge have been on the rise considerably.

B) Government support varies with the rising student number.

C) Globalization characterizes the contemporary European higher education.

D) Their major financial source comes from the government.

24. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because ______.

A) she was known to be good at raising money

B) she could set up new academics disciplines

C) she knew how to attract more international faculty

D) she booste d Yale’s academic status

25. What is the best title for this passage?

A) Globalization and higher education.

B) Professors are taking overseas positions.

C) Rising tuition and governmental support.

D) Financial competence counts.

Unit 2

Test I

1. The jeweler will _____ the inside of the ring with her name.

A) carve B) engrave C) cut D) engross

2. He was bleeding from a ______ on his forehead.

A) lash B) gash C) ash D) sash

3. Let us go to the next _______ on the agenda.

A) matter B) debate C) speech D) item

4. They are ______ moving their office outside London.

A) considered B) discussing C) pondering D) negotiating

5. Although she ______ the old pot thoroughly, she could not make it look completely clean.

A) scrubbed B) washed C) made D) screwed

6. The mistake will remain an indelible _____ on his memory.

A) stain B) thing C) issue D) accident

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

7. The wheel _____ through my frozen hand, and the car went right across the road.

A) slipped B) sipped C) dashed D) disappeared

8. The cupboard was _____ with old fishing tackle.

A) stuffed B) stocked C) stored D) filled

9. The decision depended on the _____ of a coin.

A) loss B) lot C) toss D) sign

10. Teaching can be a tiring and _____ job.

A) meaningless B) stressed C) rewarded D) stressful

11. The building is partly a museum and partly a private _____.

A) place B) area C) community D) residence

12. Stop ___ your foot.

A) tossing B) wiggling C) exhibiting D) reviewing

13. It was a bloody ________ between the two armies.

A) rebellion B) encounter C) meet D) fight

14. They conferred on the best way to ___ business.

A) extend B) adjust C) expand D) adopt

15. The sun rose above the _____.

A) mood B) earth C) horizon D) sea

16. He has a(an) ______ attitude towards life.

A) awful B) awesome C) intelligent D) positive

17. We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let’s have _____ one this month.

A) another B) the other C) more D) other

18. I decided to go to the library as soon as I _________.

A) finish what I did B) finished what I did

C) would finish what I was doing D) finished what I was doing

19. The speaker, _______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.

A) having known B) being known C) knowing D) known

20. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _______ we all sat down to rest.

A) when B) then C) than D) until

Test II

Part 2: Banked Cloze

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the

bank is identified by a letter. Write the correct LETTER in each blank. You may NOT

use any of the words in the bank more than once.

A recent Public Library of Science review looked at 148 studies (6)__N___ more than

300,000 participants and found that social relationships also (7)__E___ influence our mortality (8)__H___. According to the study’s l eading researcher, Professor Timothy Smith, social relationships have as much of an impact on mortality as risk factors such as smoking and alcohol (9)___B___, and even more of an impact than physical inactivity and obesity.

Clinical psychologist Renée Mill points out that we (10)__L___ a spontaneous social instinct to make friends from a very early age. Scientific experiments have shown that parts of the brain

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

light up when children play, hug and (11)__M___ with each other, indicating (12)__D___ brain activity.

At school and university we have many (13)__F___ to meet and interact with new people who may become lifelong friends. In later life, having children at school or kindergarten may enable you to (14)__A___ with the parents of your children’s classmate s. Through shared activities with young children and their parents, strong (15)__K___ are often created.

Word Bank:

A. connect

B. consumption

C. attributes

D. enhanced

E. dramatically

F. opportunities

G. recommend

H. rate

I. resisting

J. reluctantly

K. bonds L. exhibit M. interact N. involving O. impact

Part 3: Reading Comprehension

Directions:There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and

D. You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Rosa Parks was born February 4, 1913 in Tuskegee, Alabama. She spent her childhood in Alabama. When she was 11, she enrolled in the Montgomery Industrial School for Girls. Later, she worked as a seamstress in Montgomery. Rosa Parks has been called the “mother of the civil rights movement” and one of the most important citizens of the 20th century. In the early 1950s, the bus system in Montgomery, as in many parts of the United States, was segregated. Blacks were required to board the bus at the front, buy their tickets, and then re-board the bus in the back. Sometimes, they weren’t able to get on the bus again before it drove away. They w ere not allowed to sit in the front of the bus, which sometimes made it difficult to get off at the right stop. Even if they were sitting in the “black section”, they were still required to give their seats up to white passengers if the “white section” was full. In December of 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a city bus to a white passenger. The bus driver had her arrested. She was tried and convicted of violating a local ordinance. Her act sparked a citywide boycott of the bus system. This refusal to ride the bus introduced the country to a clergyman named Martin Luther King, Jr. who gained national prominence, leading the protest with the words: “There comes a time that people get tired”. Eventually, the U.S. Supreme Court made a decision ou tlawing segregation on city buses. In December 1956, Montgomery’s public transportation system was legally integrated. Over the next four decades, Rosa Parks helped make her fellow Americans aware of the history of the civil rights struggle. This pioneer in the struggle for racial equality earned many honors, including the Martin Luther King Jr. Nonviolent Peace Prize, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Congressional Gold Medal. She is an example of courage and determination and an inspirational symbol to all Americans. She recently died in Detroit, Michigan on October 24, 2005 at age 92.

16. What is the bus system in place in the 1950s?

A) Passengers were required to board the bus at the front and get off at the back.

B) Passengers bought tickets at the front and boarded the bus at the back.

C) Black passengers should offer their seats to white passengers.

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

D) Black passengers had to observe discriminating rules boarding buses.

17. The word “boycott” as it is used in the passage means __________.

A) supporting the separation of white and black passengers

B) refusing to ride the segregated buses

C) always sitting in the front of the bus

D) encouraging all people to ride buses for transportation

18. What is the decision made by the Supreme Court about the bus system in Alabama?

A) Awarded Rosa Parks with a medal.

B) Sentenced Rosa Parks to prison.

C) Approved the boycott of the bus system.

D) Outlawed segregation on city buses.

19. What does Martin Luther King mean by saying “There comes a time that people get tired”?

A) The people were physically exhausted for working overtime.

B) The people resented racial discrimination in the country.

C) The people demanded the end of the bus system in Alabama.

D) The people protested against the conviction of Rosa Parks.

20. Rosa Parks has been called the mother of the civil rights movement mainly because _____.

A) she inspired black Americans to start the civil rights movement

B) she was a woman widely admired in her home state of Alabama

C) she made her fellow Americans aware of the civil rights struggle

D) she introduced Martin Luther King to the people of the United States

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

After watching my mother deal with our family of five, I can’t understand why her answer to the question, “What do you do?” is always, “Oh, I’m just a housewife.” JUST a housewife? Anyone who spends most of her time in meal preparation and cleanup, washing and drying clothes, keeping the house clean, leading a scout troop, playing taxi driver to us kids when it’s time for school, music lessons or the dentist, doing volunteer work for her favorite charity, and making sure that all our family needs are met is not JUST a housewife. She’s the real Wonder Woman.

Why is it that so many mothers like mine think of themselves as second-class or something similar? Where has this notion come from? Have we males made them feel this way? Has our society made “going to work” outside the home seem more important than what a housewife must face each day? I would be very curious to see what would happen if a housewife went on strike. Dishes would pile up. Food in the house would run out. No meals would appear on the table. There would be no clean clothes when needed. High boots would be required just to make it through the house scattered with garbage. Walking and bus riding would increase. Those scout troops would have to break up. Charities would suffer. I doubt if the man of the house would be able to take over. Oh, he might start out with the attitude that he can do just as good a job, but how long would that last? Not long, once he had to come home each night after work to more household duties. There would be no more coming home to a prepared meal; he’d have to fix it himself. The kids would all be screaming for something to eat, clean clothes and more bus fare money. Once he quieted the kids, he’d have to clean the house, go shopping, make sure that kids got a bath, and fix lunches for the next day. Once the kids were down for the night, he might be

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

able to crawl into an unmade bed and try to read the morning newspaper. No, I don’t think many males are going to volunteer for the job. I know I don’t want it.

So, thanks, mom! I’ll do what I can to create a national holiday for housewives. It could be appropriately called Wonder Woman Day.

21. By what means do the children of the author’s family go to school?

A) They take school bus.

B) They take a taxi.

C) Their mother drives them to school.

D) Scout troop sends them to school.

22. If a housewife went on strike, which one of the following statements is NOT true?

A) Children would scream for something to eat.

B) No meals would appear on the table.

C) The scout troops would have a wonderful time.

D) The man of the house wouldn’t be able to take over.

23. In the author’s opinion, ____.

A) many males are going to volunteer for housewives’ work

B) housewives deserve a national holiday named Wonder Woman Day

C) the man of the house would be able to take over the housewives’ work

D) housewives are second-class citizens or something similar

24. The author’s attitude toward housewives’ work is ____.

A) critical

B) indifferent

C) ironical

D) appreciative

25. The main idea of the passage is about ____.

A) housewives, the wonder women

B) what would happen if housewives went on strike

C) the replacement of women by men as housewives

D) the setting up of a national holiday for housewives

Unit 3

Test I

1. The man had _______ and had made his mark in the aviation world.

A) brilliance B) genius C) ability D) champion

2. Einstein was a great _________.

A) explorer B) nature C) temper D) personality

3. Over time, though, Darwin's views gained in __________.

A) fame B) vogue C) popularity D) fashion

4. When Miles Davis died, jazz was robbed of its most _______ voice.

A) particular B) obvious C) distinctive D) outstanding

5. Lady Gaga’s success has made her an ________ to millions of fans all over the world.

A) icon B) image C) imagination D) idol

6. Cassette recorders cannot ________ the sound quality of CDs.

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

A) equal B) expand C) risk D) rival

7. The ________ costume added to the brilliance of the dance.

A) gorgeous B) general C) superb D) special

8. Some young people like pop music, while still others like ________ music.

A) ancient B) traditional C) fashionable D) classical

9. Nowadays girls seldom ______ in their mothers.

A) commit B) confide C) trust D) confirm

10. My mother _______ bananas and eats two a day.

A) adores B) adopts C) prefer D) enjoy

11. She gazed at the football star with ________.

A) worth B) worship C) wonder D) worry

12. ________ a diet, she pursues various exercises on TV.

A) Except from B) Except C) In addition to D) In addition

13. The two sides are now working diligently to _________ their differences.

A) resolve B) release C) conclude D) condense

14. Just_______ the main points of what he says.

A) put out B) take out C) place down D) jot down

15. I want to _______ clearly all the issues that are involved.

A) bring out B) bring up C) put out D) put up

16. The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machine ______

invented.

A) ever B) thus C) yet D) as

17. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _____ by about

10%.

A) will have risen B) has risen C) will be rising D) has been rising

18. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _____ after 11 o'clock at night.

A) were not played B) not to play

C) not be played D) did not play

19. You ______ her in her office last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks.

A) needn’t have seen B) must have seen

C) might have seen D) can’t have seen

20. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,______ and perfected now.

A) developed B) have developed

C) are being developed D) will have been developed

Test II

Part 2: Banked Cloze

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the

bank is identified by a letter. Write the correct LETTER in each blank. You may NOT

use any of the words in the bank more than once.

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

The researchers expected that the changing state speech would have the most (6)_L__ effect on the students’(7)__N__. Think about it like this —changing state is like having to do your homework while someone else is talking. Steady state is more like (8)__G___ background noise (a noisy heater, for example), which is easier to (9)__E___ out.

Surprisingly, the results actually found no (10)__B___ difference between test scores with liked music, disliked music, and changing state speech. In other words, whether students enjoyed the music or not, having it on while they worked was just as(11)__M___ as hearing someone talk. Scores were significantly higher for tests taken in a quiet (12)__I__ or with steady state speech. In a (13)__A___ assessment of each scenario, students did say that the test with their liked music was “more pleasant”, but they did not find it any less distracting. The researchers (14)__D___ that they would see similar results if they were to repeat this (15)__O__ using a reading comprehension test.

A. Subjective

B. significant

C. objective

D. hypothesize

E. tune

F. Popularity

G. repetitive

H. distinctive

I. environment

J. classical

K. Relativity L. detrimental M. distracting N. performance O. procedure

Part 3: Reading Comprehension

Directions:There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and

D. You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph (留声机) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra (交响乐).

Sheet music (乐谱) or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation (乐谱) has a far-reaching effect on musicians and it becomes widespread on the music culture as a whole.

One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media — radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

“information revolution”, a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.

16. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because _______.

A) it helps produce new cultural tools and technology

B) it can reflect the development of the nation

C) it helps understand the nation’s past and present

D) it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization

17. It can be learned from this passage that ________.

A) the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese

music

B) near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony

orchestra

C) the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music

D) the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near

Eastern music

18. According to the author, music notation is important because __________.

A) it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read it

B) it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians

C) it is the printed version of standardized folk music

D) it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs

19. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music __________.

A) has brought about an information revolution

B) has sped up the appearance of a new generation of computers

C) has given rise to new forms of music culture

D) has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments

20. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

A) Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by

computers.

B) Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.

C) Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.

D) The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and arduous as a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and pro with

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

the right arm — two entirely different movements.

Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune th e instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear. This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.

Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding.

Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.

21. A composer’s work couldn’t be displayed itself, but needs the help of ________.

A) painters

B) singers

C) players

D) musicians

22. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer, because

__________.

A) the training is involved with great responsibilities

B) the student has to master proficient techniques through training

C) singing and playing both are tough work

D) mastering the technique is a tough work

23. The word “muscular” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) means __________.

A) possessing physical strength

B) rugged

C) possessing authority

D) consisting of muscle

24. What is the problem that confronts student conductors?

A) They have to get every note in tune.

B) They have to make each tone sound clear.

C) They have to learn to how to control each note with altruistic authority.

D) They have to aim at controlling each note with passionless authority.

25. The technique works when ___________.

A) the musician can really enjoy performing works

B) the musician can understand the music in their own language

C) it is combined with musician’s muscular proficiency

D) it is combined with music knowledge and comprehension

Unit 4

Test I V ocabulary

1. The longer people have been unemployed, the harder it is for them to _______the labor market.

A) compete against

B) compete for

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

C) compete in

D) compete with

2. The present wave of strikes ________ discontent among the lower-paid.

A) take place

B) takes place

C) stem from

D) stems from

3. He was _______ of letting us down.

A) mature

B) hesitant

C) scared

D) Worried

4. Several of the members have ________ with suggestions of their own.

A) come on

B) come out

C) come over

D) come up

5. He hit me but I did not ________.

A) compete

B) counter

C) clarify

D) Conceal

6. The couple was quarreling ________ about whose turn it was to cook the dinner.

A) furiously

B) fiercely

C) moderately

D) Mysteriously

7. A sudden gust of cold wind made me ________.

A) float

B) shiver

C) sign

D) Toss

8. I ________ the flies away but soon they fly back.

A) flap

B) flash

C) flip

D) Float

9. The body is stimulated to _______ resistance.

A) build in

B) build up

C) gain on

D) gain over

10. The task requires _______ patience and endurance.

A) extraordinary

新目标综合教程1随行课堂 词汇与阅读4-1 Unit 1-6

B) extreme

C) extra

D) Continual

11. They used this kind of scare _______ when I was growing up.

A) fact

B) factor

C) tactic

D) Tack

12. He was given a seven-year ________ with an annual salary of $150,000.

A) contact

B) contract

C) deal

D) Deposit

13. The television program is designed to educate and not merely to ________.

A) enlighten

B) entertain

C) inform

D) Broadcast

14. In some places he was quicker and at others I'd _______ him.

A) keep on

B) keep up

C) gain on

D) gain up

15. I wish I could put the clock back and _______ my schooldays; I regret not having tried harder and

passed more exams.

A) review

B) repeat

C) relive

D) Remind

16. Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.

A) in that

B) for that

C) with that

D) at that

17. In some countries, ______ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.

A) which

B) what

C) that

D) One

18. Scientists say it may be five or ten years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.

A) since

B) before

C) after