初三年级 动词时态讲解

动词的构成1.2.

3.4.

5.

be 动词 助动词 情态动词 系动词 实义动词

be 动词

be动词的几种形式 1) am is are 2) was were 3) being 4) been

be动词的用法1.

与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用1) 2) 3) 4)

I am a doctor. He is ten. They are tired. The cat is under the table.

be动词的用法2.

There be 句型 1) 用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前 There is a pen on the desk. There is some water in the glass. 2) 用于复数名词之前 There are some sheep in the hill. 3) 用于一般将来时 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. 4) 用于一般过去时 There was a book on the desk yesterday. 注意：请根据时态和句中的名词选择适当形式。

be动词的用法3.

Be 动词在时态中的运用 1) 在现在进行时中 We are talking. 2) 在过去进行时中 We were talking at this time yesterday.

助动词

助动词的几种形式 1)do / don’t 2)Does / doesn’t 3)Did / didn’t 4)will / won’t 5)have haven’t / has hasn’t / had hadn’t

助动词的用法1.

2.

3.

对句子进行否定和疑问 1) Do you get up early every day? 2) I didn’t have lunch yesterday. 3) Will you be back soon? 4) He hasn’t finished the work yet. 在反意疑问句中 1) He works in a school, doesn’t he? 2) She has never been there, has she? 在倒装句中 1) They helped the farmers , so did we. 2) I won’t visit the famous singer, neither will he.

情态动词1.

共同特点 1)情态动词后面跟动词原型 2)无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句 都用情态动词 3)只有时态变化，没有人称变化

情态动词2.

解释 1) can / could 在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换， could 比can语气更委婉。 Can I help you? Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过 去式。 I can swim. I could swim at the age of five.

情态动词2.

解释 2) must /have to must 表示主观意愿，否定句用mustn’t,否定 回答用needn’t I must go now. You mustn’t play in the street. Must I clean the room now? No, you needn’t. have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”,它有 时态和人称变化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。 I don’t have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes.

情态动词2.

解释 3) may 表示请求别人允许。 May I use your bike? 表示可能性。 He may be a teacher. He may live in this building.

系动词1.

2.

我们所学过的系动词是 1) get,turn,become,be动词 2) 感观动词look,sound,smell,taste, feel 系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构 1) I feel hungry. 2) The day gets longer and longer. 3) He looked happy.

实义动词1.

2.3.

实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。 实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。 做谓语动词的用法 动词有四种形式：原形动词(s式)

,现在分 词，过去式，过去分词

实义动词注意：掌握四种形式的变化规律 1) He works in the office. 2) We are dancing together. 3) I caught a cold last week. 4) She has watered the flower.

实义动词4.

做非谓语动词的用法 (指出现在谓语动词之后的动词，它受前面谓语动词 的限制) 动词会有四种形式： 1) 原形(不带to的不定式do) 2) 动名词(doing) 3) 不定式(to do) 4) 现在分词(doing) 5) 过去分词(done)

实义动词1)

用原形(不带to的不定式): a) let sb. do b) have sb. do sth. c) make sb. do d) help sb. (to) do e) had better do

实义动词2)

用动名词： a) like doing b) enjoy doing c) finish doing d) 介词之后用动名词 be good at doing what about doing thank you for doing

实义动词3)

用不定式： a) want to do b) decide to do c) plan to do d) would like to do e) learn to do f) tell sb. (not) to do g) ask sb. (not) to do

实义动词

注意下列词不同形式的不同用法: remember doing / to do forget doing / to do stop doing / to do go on doing / to do

时态

一般现在时 一般将来时 一般过去时 现在进行时 现在完成时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时