非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

发布时间：2024-11-02

非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

【中文摘要】改革开放以来,中国的非营利组织迅速发展。关于非营利组织的研究也成为一个热点。很多学者都在关注非营利组织的生存状态、发展中遇到的困难、与政府的关系,以及发展的策略。但是很少有人去关注它的存在所具有的社会功能,尤其是给一个社区带来的变化。本文想要研究的是什么呢?简单地说,就是考察一个NGO的社会功能,即NGO的存在有没有给一个社区带来变化。如果有变化,这种变化又表现在那些方面。在描述的基础上,本研究将对所发生的变化进行解释,探讨是什么因素导致了社区的变化,NGO在这种变化中所起到的具体作用是什么。研究将以社会资本理论作为整体的理论框架,运用此理论中提到的社会资本的三个维度作为测量社区变化的标准,并采用参与式观察和访谈法,对一个民办残疾人服务机构JA进行考察,以了解居民与残疾人和机构之间关系的变化。研究发现,当这个非营利组织存在了三年多以后,它给社区带来了一定程度的变化。与机构建立了联系的居民可以大体分为普通居民(包括学生志愿者)、“公务员”、有宗教信仰,尤其是基督教信仰的教会居民。他们对待残疾人和机构的态度、认知和行为逐渐由排斥变为接纳,与残疾人之间的联系、信任、关爱和互惠以及对残疾人事务的参与程度都有了一定的提高。即社区居民的结构性社会资本、认知性社会资本和公民参与都有了一定程度的提高。社区居民发生变化的重要推动因素在于NGO的存在。JA这个NGO作为连接居民和残疾人之间的桥梁,在建立居民

非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

与残疾人之间的联系网络、培育居民对残疾人的信任、关爱和互惠以及倡导公民参与方面发挥了重要的推动作用。但是无论是从横向还是纵向上看,这种变化是比较小的。笔者认为更深层的原因在于理性算计和信任缺失等因素的拉力作用。最后,文章还针对研究的方法、建构和伦理道德问题进行了讨论。

【英文摘要】Since the reform and opening-up, China’s

NGOs(non-government organizations) have been developing

rapidly. Researches about NGOs have also been getting popular. Many scholars are concerned about the living situation of NGOs, difficulties they have encountered in development, relations with government and the development strategies NGOs have

employed. But little attention has been paid to their social functions, especially to the changes they have brought about to a community of any scale.What does this paper want to study? In short, it is an attempt to find the social functions of a case NGO. That is, whether there are some changes in community because of the existence of the NGO, and if so, what these changes are. Based on the description, an explanation will be offered to these changes.The theory of social capital is the guiding theory in this study and its three dimensions will be used to measure the changes. Participant observation and interviews are employed to describe and analyze the data

非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

collected from a private service organization for people with disabilities.The research finds that the NGO has brought about some changes to the community since its set-up. The residents who connected with the NGO can be generally divided into three categories, that is, ordinarily residents including college students who live near by the case organization and who often do volunteer there, civil servants, residents who believe in religion, especially Christianity. The community has witnessed a change in the attitude, recognition and behaviors of all these three categories’towards the case NGO, a change from

indifference and exclusion, to recognization and acceptance; and their contacts with, their care for and the reciprocity with the case NGO, along with their engagement in public affairs in the disability sector, have improved to some extent. That is, there is indeed some development in the so called structural, cognitive social capital and civic engagement in the community in which the case NGO exists.The existence of the case NGO is an important driving factor for the changes of the community. As a bridge between residents and people with disabilities, “JA” plays an important role in creating a link with residents and the disabled, fostering trust, caring and reciprocity between the residents and people with disabilities, and

非营利组织论文：社区中的“机构”

advocating civic engagement. But the changes are not monumental, both horizontally and vertically. The primary reasons for the limited changes in social capital are that most of the relevant residents have developed a rational way of thinking, and there is an absence of trust in the target community.Finally, in the discussion sector, the paper discusses methodology, social construction and research ethics.

【关键词】非营利组织社区变化社会资本

【英文关键词】Nonprofit Organization Community

Changes Social Capital

【目录】社区中的“机构”

6-7ABSTRACT7-8中文摘要第一章概论9-13第一节研究缘起9-10

可行性10-13第二节研究内容10第二章文献回顾13-18第三节研究意义和第一节有关NGO方面的研究文献13-15

的研究文献15-18

节理论框架18-20第二节有关社区建设和社区社会资本第三章理论框架和方法18-27第二节研究方法20-27第一第四章从冷漠、排斥到认可、接纳27-46

27-33第一节冷漠、排斥第三节新环境中的排第二节认可、接纳33-43

斥和接纳43-46

46-54第五章社区社会资本变化的原因第二节变化的第一节变化:NGO的力量46-52

有限性:理性算计和信任缺失52-54第六章结论和讨论