斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroecono

U.S. Per Capita Income GrowthIn the United States, growth in per capita income has not strayed far from 2% per year (excepting the Great Depression and World War II) since 1900.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Figure 6.1 Natural Log of Real PerCapita Income in the United States, 1869–2005

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Real Per Capita Income and the Investment RateAcross countries, real per capita income and the investment rate are positively correlated.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Figure 6.2 Real Income Per Capita vs. Investment Rate

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Real per capita income and the rate of population growthAcross countries, real per capita income and the population growth rate are negatively correlated.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Figure 6.3 Real Income Per Capita vs. the Population Growth Rate

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Real per capita income and per capita income growth There is no tendency for rich countries to grow faster than poor countries, and vice-versa. Rich countries are more alike in terms of rates of growth than are poor countries.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Figure 6.4 Growth Rate in Per Capita Income vs. Real Income Per Capita for the Countries of the World

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

A Malthusian Model of Economic GrowthModel predicts that a technological advance will just increase population, with no long-run change in the standard of living.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Equation 6.1: Production FunctionOutput is produced from land and labor inputs.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Equation 6.2: Evolution of the populationPopulation growth is higher the higher is percapita consumption.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Equation 6.3: Equilibrium ConditionIn equilibrium, consumption equals output produced.

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斯蒂芬D威廉森宏观经济学第三版第六章Stephen D. Williamson's Macroeconomics, Third Edition chapter6

Equation 6.4: Equilibrium evolution of the populationThis equation describes how the future population depends on current population.