初中现在完成时讲解

The present perfect tense

现在完成时: have/ has +过去分词 1) 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对 现在造成的影响或结果。 他已把灯关了。 He has turned off the light. 我把所有钱都花光了。I have spent all of my money.

2) 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或 状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到 现在(包括现在)的一段时间的状语连用。 在以上两种情况中常跟 already, never, just, before, ever, recently 等副词以 及 in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far 等时间状语连用。

Exercises 我刚刚给你打过电话。

I have just called you.

你以前在家做过饭吗？Have you ever cooked at home?

我之前从没见过如此美丽的风景。I have never seen such a beautiful place before.

Exercises 那位著名的作家在过去的两年里写了一本新

书。 The famous writer has written a new book in the past two years.在过去的四十年里中国迅猛发展。

China has developed rapidly in the past/last forty years.

Exercises1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? ______you______ your homework yet? D A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ D A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed

3) Since +时间点，具体时间，“自从、 以来 For + 时间段 , 用来说明动作延续时间 长度 He has studied English ___6 for years. Mary has been busy since ___she came back from Hangzhou..

Exercises 1.我们在这个城市里已经生活了 40 多年。We have lived in this city for more than 40 years. We have lived in this city since 1974. 2. since+ 一段时间+ago We have lived in this city since 40 years ago.

Exercises自从五个月前,我已经在这儿了。I have been here since five months ago。 I have been here for five months. Since+从句(一般过去时)自从你走后已经发生了很多变化

Great changes have taken place since you left.

It is +一段时间since从句 我毕业已经一年了。 It

is one year since graduated.

我们学英语已经六年了。

It is six years since we learnt English.

(for+表示一段时间的词组(段时间),since+表示过去某一时 刻的词或词组(点时间))谓语只可用延续性动词.

eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years. eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1990) 选用for和since填空: 1.We haven’t seen each other ______ for a long time. 2.His father has been in the factory since ______ 10 years ago.

for 20 minutes. 3.The film has been on ______4.Mr Green has worked here ______ since he came to China.

for several years. 5.His grandparents have been dead ______ since we met last time. 6. It’s five years _______

The past partic

iple1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。如：namenamed 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。如： carry-carried 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母， 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。如：stopstopped, chat-chatted

现在完成时 Present perfect 句型 主语+have/has+过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+ 其他 ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+ 其他 ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 (have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)

肯定句I have eaten my lunch.She has eaten her lunch. He has eaten his lunch.

They have eaten their lunch.

否定句I have not (haven’t) seen the film.

She has not (hasn’t) seen the film.现在完成时的否定形式： have not (haven’t) +过去分词 has not (hasn’t) +过去分词I haven’t eaten supper. eat-eaten He hasn’t changed his idea. change-changed My mother hasn’t come back home. come-come

把下列句子改为否定句1. I’ve already had dinner. I ________ had dinner ________. haven’t ________ yet 2. He has just finished his homework. He ________ ________ his homework _________. hasn’t finished yet 3. Mum’s cooked the dinner.

Mum _______ hasn’t ________ cooked the dinner.4. Susan’s learned English at school.

Susan ________ hasn’t ________ learnedEnglish at school.