高中英语 Unit3 Science and nature Grammar and usage课件2 牛津译林版必修5

牛津高中英语(模块五 · 高二上学期)

Unit

3

Grammar and usageVerb-ed form

Unit 3

课件描述：本课时主要解决两个问题，一是现在 分词和过去分词作为形容词修饰人或物 时的不同，二是过去分词作状语的几种 情况。本课件以三幅卡通画为主线，引 导学生进一步发现动词过去分词的作为 状语等的用法并进行应用。

I’ve been sitting here without moving all day. I’m bored with it. I am… I’m totally burned out.

You look so tired. Why?

Have you noticed these words used in this cartoon?

tired

bored

burned outpleased

disappointing challenging

Have you noticed in what situation they are used?You look tired. I’m bored with it.

I’m burned out. That’s disappointing.

Verb-ed: used to say how we feel about sb. or sth. Usually passive in meaning

You will be pleased.Verb-ing: uesed to describe sb. or sth. that causes certain feeling. Usually active in meaning

Just imagine how challenging school work is.

Usually, these words are in pairs.Disappoint Excite Shock Surprise Amaze Frighten Move Puzzle Confuse disappointed excited shocked surprised amazed frightened moved puzzled confused disappointing exciting shocking surprising amazing frightening moving puzzling confusing

And we can develop the story in another way …

Cool!

Brook sat there complaining, “ How bored!” Jimmy sat there concentrated on painting.

Tom ran fast hoping to join Jimmy in no time.

Garfield stared at the scene, lost in thought.

En n…

Verb-ed phrasesdescribe a supporting state

Describe an action happening at the same time. Describe a reason

Brook sat there complaining, “ How bored!” Jimmy sat there concentrated on painting.

Tom ran fast hoping to join Jimmy in no time.

Garfield stared at the scene, lost in thought. Like the Verb-ing form, the Verb-ed form can be a verb-ed on its own. It can also be followed by an object and/or adverbial …describe a supporting state

Besides, passive verb-ed can express time, reason and condition.1.The scientists has copied a human cell, assisted by recent advances in medical science.= The scientists copied a human cell, and at that time was assisted by recent advances in medical science. 2. Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.= The woman wrote a letter to the newspaper because she was shocked by the news. 3. Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.= If it is treated with electricity the cell tissue will split into several parts.

verb

Verb’s understood subject

Subject of the main clause

Can you see why v-ed form is used here?

Compare:

The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.

Made to apologize, the boy felt upset. Garfield stared/ Garfield was Tom ran fast lost in thoughtGarfield stared at the scene, lost in thought. hoping to join Jimmy in no time.

Tom ran/ Tom hoped

We can also use the pattern conjunction + ver

b-ed to express time and condition. The common conjunctions are when, whenever, once, until, unless, and if. 1. When ( she was ) asked who she was, the little girl kept silent. 2. If ( I am )invited, I will go. 3. I won’t go unless (I am) invited. 4. Once ( it is) started, the plan needs to be carried out without stop.

Whether we use verb-ing or verb-ed depends on1. the verb and its understood subject when it expresses active/ passive meanings 2. whether it’s happening or past action 3. Whether it is something that causes certain feelings or something that says how we feel about something or somebody

When it comes to perfect form and result, we must use v-ing form Having finished the work, he left the office.

He failed the test, making his parents angry.

Having sat like this for a whole day, I’m really bored now!

Catching sight of poor Tom and Brook, Garfield couldn’t help laughing.

Can you develop the story in another way?

Practice makes perfect!