家庭火灾报警系统的设计

成都理工大学工程技术学院毕业论文

家庭火灾报警系统的设计

作者姓名：2B

专业名称：测控技术与仪器

指导教师：2B

摘要

目前，随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活得四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失，我们必须按照“隐患险于明火，防患胜于救灾，责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。

本文采用气体传感器、温度传感器、AT89S52单片机以及LED显示灯模块设计了一种智能火灾报警器，可以实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及等功能。文中详细介绍了主控核心芯片、外围芯片的工作原理，各模块电路的硬件设计；叙述了软件工作流程和各子程序的工作流程。

关键词:单片机 火灾报警 传感器 硬件设计 软件设计

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Abstract

Now, along with the electronic products in the use of human life is more and more extensive, the cause of the fire more and more, in our life everywhere around potential fire hazard. In order to avoid fire and reduce the loss caused by fire, we must, in accordance with the "hidden trouble risks in bright fire, the committee is better than relief, responsibility than mount tai" concept design and perfect automatic fire alarm system, will fire nipped in the bud, minimize the loss of wealth of society.

In this article, the gas sensor, the temperature sensor, and AT89S52 SCM LED display light module design a kind of intelligent fire alarm, can achieve sound and light alarm, fault diagnosis, concentration, the alarm limit that setting, delay alarm and etc. Function. This paper introduces the main control core chip, peripheral chip principle of work, each module circuit hardware design; Describes the software work flow and the procedure flow of work.

Key words: A single-chip microcomputer fire alarm sensor hardware design software design

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目录

摘要 ...................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... II 目录 ................................................................................................................................... III

第1章 前 言 ................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 选题背景及意义 ................................................................................................. 1

1.2 火灾报警系统的类型 ........................................................................................ 1

1.3 火灾探测的原理 ................................................................................................ 2

1.4 论文的主要内容 ................................................................................................ 3

第2章 火灾报警系统的工作原理 ........................................................................ 5

2.1 系统的总体结构框图 ........................................................................................ 5

2.2 系统控制核心AT89S52 ..................................................................................... 5

2.2.1 主要特性 ................................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 引脚及功能 ............................................................................................... 7

2.3 外围芯片选择 .................................................................................................... 9

2.3.1 集成温度传感器AD590 ............................................................................ 9

2.3.2 气体传感器TGS-202 .............................................................................. 10

2.3.3 数码管驱动芯片ICM7218 ...................................................................... 10

第3章 系统硬件电路设计 .................................................................................... 12

3.1 单片机晶振和复位电路 .................................................................................. 12

3.3 信号处理电路 .................................................................................................. 13

3.4 A/D转换模块 ................................................................................................... 13

3.5 声音报警电路 .................................................................................................. 15

3.6 数码管显示电路 .............................................................................................. 15

3.7 状态指示灯及控制键电路 .............................................................................. 16

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3.8 报警器故障自诊断 .............................................................................................. 18

第4章 系统软件设计 ............................................................................................. 19

4.1 主程序流程图 .................................................................................................. 19

4.2 主程序初始化流程图 ...................................................................................... 21

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