2014年考研英语(一)真题及参考答案(19)

[C] How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically， they survey and sample （make test excavations on） large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information． Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites．

[D] Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes．in one case， many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán， Honduras， have located hundreds of small rural village and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot． The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD500 and 850， when Copán collapsed．

[E] To find their sites， archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high－technology tools and techniques． Airbone technologies， such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft， allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging． Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features， such as ancient buildings or fields．

[F] Most archaeological sites， however， are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them． Such searches can take years． British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamum existed from information found in other sites． Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the King for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922． In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Eyan combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens， Greece． He was searching for thing engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC． Evas’s interpretations of those engravings eventually led them to find the Minoan palace at Knossos on the island of Crete， in 1900．

[G] Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful． Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking， looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery． They often include a certain amounts of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape． Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar， magnetic－field recording， and metal detector． Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites． Two and three－dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations， illustrating how sites look， and presenting the results of archaeological research．

41 －－－ A －－－ 42． －－－ E －－－43 －－－ 44 －－－ 45

解析：本文选自发表于2003年The International History Project的文章，题目为Archeology．

41． 此题是首段，所以需要找寻综述性的段落。其中A和E选项是给出的，所以只需