2014年考研英语(一)真题及参考答案(21)

dynamics． 48） Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him．

Beethoven was a deeply political man in the broadest sense of the word． He was not interested in daily politics， but concerned with questions of moral behavior and the larger questions of right and wrong affecting the entire society．49） Especially significant was his view of freedom， which， for him， was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual： he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression．

Beethoven’s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence． For him， order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence； order is a necessary development， an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation． It is not by chance that the Funeral March is not the last movement of the Eroica Symphony， but the second， so that suffering does not have the last word． 50） One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable， but the courage to fight it renders life worth living．

46． It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words， all we can do is articulate our reactions to it， and not grasp music itself．

【句型分析】本句主句主干为it is the reason，why引导定语从句，修饰the reason。定语从句的主干是all we can do is articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself，其表语是不定式短语，由于主语中含有do，不定式符号to省略：articulate our reactions and not grasp music itself。our reactions之后to it为其定语，it指代music。定语从句中还包含when引导的时间状语从句。

【翻译要点】①本句主干的主句是主系表结构，reason后why引导的定语从句较长，翻译时可以与主干部分结合，调整表达为：这也就是为什么 ．。

②定语从句中，when引导时间状语从句，其中with words做状语，翻译时需调整语序到其修饰的to describe之前，可以表达为“当我们尝试用语言来描述音乐时”。定语从句的主干顺译即可，其中reaction根据语境，可以翻译为“感受”，其定语to it在表达时前置，it指代还原为“音乐”，则可以翻译为“所有我们能做的，就是明确表达我们对于音乐的感受”，或者调整表达为“我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受”。and之后，grasp依据语境，需要翻译为“理解”。

【译文总结】这也是为什么当我们试图用语言来描述音乐时，我们只能明确表达我们对于音乐的感受，而不能完全理解音乐本身。

47． By all accounts he was a freethinking person， and a courageous one， and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding， let alone the performance， of his works．

【句型分析】本句为并列句。第一个分句he was a freethinking person， and a courageous one，句首by all accounts为固定搭配，意思是“根据各方面说”。第二个分句的主干为I find