七年级下册英语语法(祈使句)

祈使句舟曲县峰迭新区中学 魏海涛

概念和形式

祈使句：祈使句是表示请求、命令、 叮嘱、号、劝告等的句子；通常省略 主语you;句中谓语动词用动词原形； 句尾一般用降调；祈使句的开头是动 词原形;句尾是句号或感叹号。

肯定的祈使句一般以动词原形开头。 e.g. Look out,please!小心！ Come in,please!请进！ Sit down,please!请坐！ Let’s go home.我们回家吧。

否定的祈使句一般在句首的谓语动词 前加Don’t,有时也用Never. e.g. Don’t talk in class!别在课堂上说话！ Don’t open the door!不要开门！ Don’t smoke!别吸烟！ Never say goodbye!不要说再见！

由“no + v-ing/名词”形式构成公共警示语， 是祈使句的一种省略形式。 e.g . No smoking!禁止吸烟！ No parking!禁止泊车！ No photos!禁止拍照！

祈使句口诀祈使句，无主语， 动词原形在句首。 否定式，加don’t, 放在句子最前头。 表命令，提要求， Please前后都可以。

祈使句需要注意的一些情况⒈有时为了表示委婉语气，可在句首或句尾 加上please,但please加在句尾时，前面要 用逗号隔开。 e.g. Please sit down. Stand up,please.⒉在意思较为明显的情况下可以把谓语动词 省去。 e.g. This way,please.

⒊有时为了明确的向对方提出请求或发出命 令，可加称呼语，但称呼语要与句子隔开。 e.g. Turn off the light,Jim. ⒋某些名词、形容词或副词等，后面加感叹 号，也可作为祈使句使用。 e.g. Hand up!请举手！ Hand down!放下手！ taxi!出租车！Books up!举起书！ Books down!放下书！

Let’s do more exercises把下列祈使句改成否定句 ⒈Sit down. Don’t sit down. ⒉Come in. Don’t come in. ⒊Eat in class. Don’t eat in class.

小结祈使句句式 P型：please+动词 原形+其他 V型：动词原形+其 他 L型：let+宾语+动 词原形+其他 B型：Be+表语 肯定形式 Please sit down! Put away your things. Let me help you. Be careful! 否定形式 Please don’t throw it like that. Don’t open the door. Don’t let him go there. Don’t be late for class.

N型：No+名词∕动 名词(全部大写)

NO PHOTOS! NO SMOKING!

Homework

Think about the school rules First of all ,don't be late for class. Second, we should keep clean and quiet in the classroom. Third,all the students are not allowed to eat anything in the classroom. when we meet our teachers we should say hello to them. In addition,don't listen to music and play games in class. Last but not least, don't destroy the trees , flowers and the grass, all of us should protect the environment of our school.

Thank you!