论产品责任构成要件及损害赔偿

产品责任构成要件是要求制造者、销售者负赔偿责任的基础。根据产品责任的严格责任原则,要求制造者、销售者承担产品责任必须同时具备以下三个要件：(1)须有缺陷产品;(2)须有人身、财产损害事实;(3)须有因果关系。

论产品责任构成要件及损害赔偿

摘 要

随着经济和社会的发展，因使用有缺陷的产品而引起的消费者人身伤亡、财产损害的事件时有发生，不仅发案率高、后果严重、涉及面广，而且损害赔偿数额也越来越大。原因在于产品从生产、流通到消费要途经的诸多复杂的流转关系客观上潜伏着产品致损的多种可能性，并且一旦发生损害之后，又为寻找真正的侵害人设置了种种障碍。产品责任即产品缺陷责任是指产品制造者、销售者对因制造、销售或提供的产品有缺陷，而使他人遭受人身财产损害应承担的法律后果。这种产品缺陷应当是产品在设计制造上的重大质量问题并危及到了人身财产安全。

在产品责任诉讼中，构成要件是关系到原告能否获得赔偿以及被告应否承担赔偿则责任的关键，是诉讼当事人争议的焦点。产品责任构成要件是要求制造者、销售者负赔偿责任的基础。根据产品责任的严格责任原则，要求制造者、销售者承担产品责任必须同时具备以下三个要件：（1）须有缺陷产品；（2）须有人身、财产损害事实；（3）须有因果关系。然而，在产品责任的损害赔偿方面，仍存在着诸多不足，比如精神损害赔偿的规定不明确、不全面，欠缺惩罚性损害赔偿的规定等。由此可见产品责任在我国的立法现状中对缺陷产品的定义并不明确，消费者仍然居于不利地位。

因此，为了有效地保护广大用户和消费者的合法权益，促进社会经济的发展与进步，明确产品责任的构成要件和损害赔偿的意义十分重大。我们必须强化产品责任损害赔偿法律制度，以充分体现对消费者合法权益予以切实保护的立法目的。我国产品责任法应当明确精神损害赔偿 ，建立惩罚性损害赔偿制度。

[关键词] 产品责任 构成要件 损害赔偿

产品责任构成要件是要求制造者、销售者负赔偿责任的基础。根据产品责任的严格责任原则,要求制造者、销售者承担产品责任必须同时具备以下三个要件：(1)须有缺陷产品;(2)须有人身、财产损害事实;(3)须有因果关系。

Recommend on Elements Required and Damages

Compensation of the Product Liability

Abstract

With the development of economy and society, more and more the case of consumer person casualty and property damaged with the use of defective products. These cases not only have the high frequency，fearful aftermath, wide influence but also with the climbing damage compensation. What is the reason of above circumstances is that several probabilities of result in product damaged sit tight behind complicated connections among production, circulation and consumption of product. Once the damage is happen, consumers consider is hard to find the really invasion. Product liability viz. product defective liability is the maker or seller of products are supposed to assume legal aftermaths because of they make, sell or provide defective products and result in consumers person casualty and property damaged. This kind of product defect should be the fearful quality problem, besides the defect should endanger the consumer person casualty and property damaged.

The elements required is the key of whether plaintiff attains the compensation from defendant or not in litigation of product liability, therefore is the focus of what litigations are disputed. Elements required of product is the base of request maker, seller toe the mark of compensation. Based upon the stringent liability principle, maker and seller toe the scratch the liability of product must possess 3 elements simultaneously: (1) Defective product; (2) The deed of person casualty and property damaged; (3) Consequence. However, the side of product damage compensation also exist a good many of deficiencies. For instance, the stipulation of spirit damage compensation is ambiguity and not hundred-percent, is short of punitive damages compensation in the stipulation and so on. Thus it can be seen that the definition of defective product liability in legislation of our country is ambiguous and consumer disadvantaged all the same.

Accordingly, for the sake of protect consumer’s legal rights and interests

产品责任构成要件是要求制造者、销售者负赔偿责任的基础。根据产品责任的严格责任原则,要求制造者、销售者承担产品责任必须同时具备以下三个要件：(1)须有缺陷产品;(2)须有人身、财产损害事实;(3)须有因果关系。

effectively and accelerate the development and advancement of society, nail down the elements required and damage compensation of product liability have momentous significance. It is necessary to strengthen the legal system on product liability compensation so that the purpose for fully protecting rights and interests of consumers can be reflected. The authors give some observations and recommendations on spirit compensation against product liability damages and how to establishment the system of punitive damages compensation。

Key words: Product Liability

Compensation Elements Required Damages

产品责任构成要件是要求制造者、销售者负赔偿责任的基础。根据产品责任的严格责任原则,要求制造者、销售者承担产品责任必须同时具备以下三个要件：(1)须有缺陷产品;(2)须有人身、财产损害事实;(3)须有因果 …… 此处隐藏：13262字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……