年产5万吨丁苯橡胶生产工艺项目设计

年产5万吨丁苯橡胶的生产工艺设计

摘 要

丁苯橡胶在第二次世界大战以后，发展极为迅速，目前已成为国际上生产量最大的一种合成橡胶[1]，占合成橡胶总产量的80%以上。苏联、美国、加拿大和民主德国丁苯橡胶产量最大，近年来英国、意大利、西德及我国等国家也开始迅猛发展。丁苯橡胶属于普遍类型的橡胶，可以替代天然橡胶，有些性能比天然橡胶更好。本设计为年产5万吨丁苯橡胶工艺设计，整个设计文件由设计说明书和设计图纸两部分组成。在设计说明书中，简单介绍了丁苯橡胶的生产状况、发展趋势、性能和主要用途，也介绍了目前丁苯橡胶的两种常见的工业聚合生产方法，并进行了比较，最后确定以低温乳液聚合作为聚合的工艺生产方法。在设计过程中，根据设计任务书的要求，进行了较为详细的物料衡算和能量衡算，对设备进行了工艺计算和选型，同时对聚丁苯橡胶生产过程中的安全注意事项及“三废”[2]治理作了相关说明。绘制了相应的设计图纸，设计图纸包括工艺流程图、主要设备图及车间布置图等。

关键词：丁苯橡胶，低温乳液聚合，聚合釜，苯乙烯，丁二烯

PROCESS DESIGN OF STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER

WITH ANNUAL OUTPUT OF 50,000 TONS

ABSTRACT

After the Second World War, SBR develops rapidly. It has become the largest international production of synthetic rubber so far. SBR accounted for more than 80% of total production of Synthetic rubber. The Soviet Union, the United States, Canada and East Germany`s production of the SBR are the largest. In recent years, the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany and China and other countries also started the rapid development of SBR. SBR is common type of rubber, and sometimes it can substitute for natural rubber. Some properties are even better than natural rubber. This is a design for an annual output of 50,000 tons of SBR process. The documents are consisted of design specification and design drawings. In the design of brochures, a brief introduction of the SBR production status, trends, performance and the main purpose of the current SBR, also introduced the two common industrial polymer production methods and make a comparison. It was desided that the low-temperature emulsion polymerization replaced the polymerization technology production methods. In design process, mass balance and energy balance was calculated according to the request of design specification. Process calculation and model selection was made. At the same time, the safe matters need attention and the management of the three wasters in the process of SBR was stated. The relevant design paper was drawn. The engineering flow diagram and major equipment drawing and the arrangement diagram of work shop were included in design drawing.

KEY WORDS：SBR, Polymerization temperature, Polymerizer, Styrene, Butadiene

目 录

前 言 ................................................... 1 第1章 绪 论 ............................................ 3 §1.1丁苯橡胶的市场分析 ............................... 3 §1.1.1 国外生产情况 ................................. 3 §1.1.2 国内生产情况 ................................. 3 §1.2丁苯橡胶合成技术进展 ............................. 7 §1.2.1 乳聚丁苯橡胶的合成技术进展 ................... 7 §1.2.2 溶聚丁苯橡胶合成技术进展 ..................... 7 §1.2.3 我国丁苯橡胶新技术的开发 ..................... 8 第2章 生产工艺选择 ..................................... 9 第3章 产品及原料说明 .................................. 10 §3.1 产品的结构与性能 ............................... 10 §3.1.1 名称及其结构 ................................ 10 §3.1.2 丁苯橡胶的性能 .............................. 11 §3.1.3 丁苯橡胶用途 ................................ 12 §3.2 聚合原理 ....................................... 12 §3.2.1 链引发 ...................................... 12 §3.2.2 链增长 ...................................... 12 §3.2..3 链终止 ..................................... 13 §3.3 原料说明 ....................................... 14 §3.3.1 丁二烯 ...................................... 14 §3.3.2 苯乙烯 ...................................... 14 第4章 低温乳液聚合丁苯橡胶工艺 ........................ 15

§4.1典型配方 ........................................ 15 §4.2 转化率确定 ..................................... 15 §4.3 配料确定 ....................................... 16 §4.4 聚合条件及原料要求 ............................. 16 §4.4.1 分散介质 .................................... 17 §4.4.2 单体纯度 .................................... 17 §4.4.3 聚合温度 .................................... 17 §4.4.4 各种助剂 .................................... 17 §4.4.5 聚合时间 .................................... 18 第5章 低温乳液聚合工艺流程 ............................ 19

§5.1 原料准备过程 .................................. 19 §5.2 聚合过程 ...................................... 19 §5.3 分离过程 ...................................... 20 §5.4 后处理阶段 .................................... 20 第6章 工艺计算 ........................................ 21 §6.1 计算依据 ....................................... 21 §6.2 生产过程总物料衡算 ............................. 21 §6.2.1 总进料 ...................................... 21 §6.2.2 配方检验 .................................... 23 §6.2.3 PBS配方原料汇总 ..................... …… 此处隐藏：9969字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……