人教版初中英语语法定语从句_中考复习_

(定语从句)

一个美丽的女孩beautiful a beautiful girl (形容词作前置定语) 一个穿白色衣服的女孩 a girl in white (介词短语作后置定语)

一个正唱歌的女孩 a girl who is singing (定语从句，a girl为先行词) is singing定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短 语或从句担当，对名(代)词修饰和限制。名(代) 词称为中心词。 形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作 定语要后置，翻译成“……的”。另外名词、数词、 非谓语动词(短语)、介词短语也可以担当定语。

Li Ming is a good boy.形容词作定语

Li Ming is a good boy with glasses . 介词短语作定语 Li Ming is a good boy who is wearing glasses. 句子作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句 叫做定语从句。

定语从句分析 结构：先行词+引导词+从句

Mary is a girl who has long hair.引导词(关系词) 先行词 (跟在先行词后，引 从句 (被修饰的名词或代导从句的词)词) 修饰先行词的句子

This is the card that I’ve just received 引导词 先行词 从句

关系代词

关系副词Where, when,why

who,that ,which ,

whom, whose

定语从句： 由一个句子充当定语从句的位置： 在名词或代词后 先 引 行 词： 导 词： 被定语从句修饰的词

引导定语从句的词 关系代词关系副词

引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置

做题一般步骤1. 确定先行词：空格之前的 单词或词组2. 将先行词带入定语从句， 还原从句为完整句子 3. 根据先行词在还原句中的 成分确定引导词

This is the house_______ I live. 步骤一先行词house,带入句子

步骤二

步骤三

In which = where

关系代词 关系副词who whom which that whose When where why

先行词 句中作用人 人 物 人/物 人/物 时间 地点reason

省否

主语/宾语 关系代 宾语 主语/宾语 词在句中 作宾语可 主语/宾语 以省略 定语 状语 状语 状语

关系代词的作用 ■ 关系代词who, whom的用法 who和whom均只用于指人，不用于指事或物，其中who在

定语从句中用作主语，whom在定语从句中用作宾语。如： I met a girl who knew your sister. 我碰到一个认识你姐姐的 姑娘。 In Berlin, he first met the woman whom he would one day marry. 在柏林，他第一次遇见那个女人，后来他终于跟

她结了婚。 但是，用作宾语的whom如果不是紧跟在介词之后，通常 会被省略或用who, that代之。如： The person to whom I complained is the manager. 我向他投 诉的那个人是经理。 The person (who, whom, that) I complained to is the manager.

我向他投诉的那个人是经理。

■ 关系代词whose的用法 关系代词whose既可用于指人，也可用于

指事或物，它在

定语从句中主要用作定语。如： She is the woman whose car was stolen. 她就是汽车被盗的 This is the house whose windows were broken. 这就是窗户

被打破了的房子。 Mrs. Gray, whose children are in college, is trying to get a job. 格雷太太的孩子们都在上大学，她想找一份工作。 His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight. 他的房子窗户无一完好，一派令人心酸的景象。

关系代词which的用法 which:只用于指事或物，不用于指人，它在定

语从句中主要用作主语或宾语。如： (1)She was not on the train which arrived justnow.

她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。 (2)He never got back the money which he had lent him.他从未收回他曾借给他的那笔钱。 which在引导定语从句，作宾语是可以省略： Is this the book( which )you are looking for? (look for寻找) 这是你要找的书吗？

关系代词that用法 一、指人的用法 that用于指人，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。如： A driver that has knocked someone down must stop. 撞人的司机必须停车。

He is the man that you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。

He is not that man that he was. 他已不是过去的他了。

二、指物的用法 that用于指物，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。如： This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon. 这是下午要飞往东京的那架飞机。

She was annoyed by something that I had said. 她为我说的某句话而不高兴。

Shengzhen is not the city that it used to be. 深圳现在已不是原来的那个城市了。

the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty

boy

The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall The boy who is strong The boy who is clever The boy who is naughty is Tom. is Tom is Tom is Tom.

The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.

The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语)

The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.

The boy who has a round face is Tom.

The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.

The man who sits in front of me is Tom.

The woman got the job.

The woman can speak Russian.

The woman who can speak Russian got the job. The teacher will give us a talk.

The teacher is famous. The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.