北京外国语大学美国社会文化与研究试卷

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北京外国语大学美国社会文化与研究试卷

1998

1．Why was the formulation and the passage of the Bill or Rights taken up as the first t

hing when Congress met after the ratification of the Constitution?

2．What was judicial review? Who initiated this practice under what circumstance?

3．What are the serious consequences of the Vietnam War for the United States?

4．In the late 19th century, there was a strong and widespread anti-Chinese movement in t

he United States. What were the causes of this anti-Chinese movement? What role did the Chinese play in the development of the United States?

5．What is Nixon Doctrine? What is the background for the doctrine?

6．What were the three essential tools of the frontiersmen when they were moving west?

Please explain why?

7．What do the values of individualism, freedom, and democracy mean to Americans?

8．Why do you think the Americans are often called the hyphenated Americans?

1999

Answer the following questions briefly and to the point

1. What was Reagan’s policy towards the Soviet Union in his first term? What me

asures did he take?

2. What was the Supreme Court decision on “Brown v. Board of Education of Top

eka”? What is the significance of the decision?

3. Why did the Roosevelt Administration initiate the “Good Neighbor Policy” towar

ds Latin America in the 1930s? What was the major content of the policy? 4. What are the major elements in the Great Society as proposed by President J

ohnson?

5. What is the cultural implication of “Manifest Destiny”?

6. What is the significance of Andrew Jackson being elected as President of the

United States?

7. What is the “Protestant ethic”? How did it influence the emergence of capitalis

m?

8. Why do you think it took the Americans so long to accept the fact that there a

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re classes in the U.S.?

2000

1. What was the nature of the conflict between Jefferson and Hamilton? 2. Why did Wilson take the United States into the First World War?

3. Under what circumstances was the Lend-Lease designed? For what purpose? 4. What is the cause of the Red Scare? What did the American government do i

n this period?

5. Who initiated the Great Society? What is the goal and content of the Great So

ciety? Is the Great Society a success?

6. What is meant by the “Irangate” scandal?

7. What is the “American Dream”?

8. Why do you think the American frontier has been particularly important in shapi

ng American values?

2001

1. Why did the founding fathers introduce checks and balances into the political system?

How do checks and balances work?

2. What are the political principles embodied in the Declaration of Independence?

3. Why did President Lincoln issue Emancipation Proclamation? What was its impact on the course of the Civil War?

4. What were the features of American economic development at the turn of the 20th century?

5. Some people say that Japan attacked Pearl Harbor because it was pushed to the corner by the policy of the Roosevelt Administration. What is your comment on this argument?

6. What is the philosophy underlying American education? What are the four characteristics of American public schools?

7. What was the cause and consequence of the Spanish-American War?

8. How serious is the drug problem in the United States? Why has the problem become so

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serious?

2002.

1. Who was Tom Paine? What role did he play in the War of Independence?

2. What is federalism? Why was it introduced into the Constitution? How does the Constitution ensure the practice of federalism?

3. What was the cause of the Montgomery bus boycott? How did the boycott end? What is the consequence of the boycott?

4. What is the meaning of white-collar crime? Why are many of these crimes unreported? Does this show anything about the general attitude towards white-collar crimes?

5. What are the major criticisms of the American system of justice?

6. What is the content of the Compromise of 1850 over slavery? What role did this Compromise play?

7. What were the events leading to the declaration of the Monroe Doctrine? What is the content of the Doctrine? What is the significance of the Doctrine?

8. What are some of the major religious bodies and their characteristics in the United States?

2003

1. What are the powers delegated to the Federal and state governments respectively?

2. What was the economic policy of the Reagan Administration? What was the consequence of such a policy? (Use your knowledge from the reader and the American history)

3. What are the contents of the Eisenhower Doctrine, the Nixon Doctrine and the Carter Doctrine?

4. What are the major types of interest groups in the United States? Give examples.

5. What is affirmative action? How was it introduced? What has it achieved? Why did it encounter strong opposition in the 1980s and 1990s?

6. What are the Water-gate scandal and the Iran-gate Scandal about? What are the impacts of the two sandals?

7. What is gender inequality? How is it reflected in education, employment and politics? Is gender inequality also reflected in daily social life? If so, please give examples to il

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