《英语国家概况》美国篇,期末整理
时间:2026-01-20
时间:2026-01-20
The United States of America《英语国家概况》美国篇,期末整理王恩铭主编 上海外语教育出版社
The United States of America
Part 1The Country and The American Identity
Common-sense Knowledge
1、全称:美利坚合众国)
2、简称:3、National Anthem:《星条旗永不落》"1931年被美国国会正式定为国歌。
4、National Flower:5、Jet lag(了解) 6、The Capital为纪念美国国父乔治-华盛顿和发现美洲新大陆的哥伦布Christophe而定名 7、绰号:山姆大叔()
Location
1、;;
;2、The largest country in the world:3、
the largest ;罗德岛州)—the smallest ;—the largest on the mainland 4、著名城市是马萨诸塞州的首府 5、两边两座山,中间一条河。
阿巴拉挈亚山脉). (落基山)—
6、 The Great Lakes
(1) Lake Michigan密歇根湖—wholly within the United States唯一全在美国境内 (2) Lake Erie伊利湖和Lake Ontario 安大略湖间有Niagara Falls尼亚加拉大瀑布 (3) Lake Superior 苏必利尔湖—世界上最大的淡水湖 (4) 无特色的Lake Huron 休伦湖
The United States of America《英语国家概况》美国篇,期末整理王恩铭主编 上海外语教育出版社
Climate
1、大部分是温带大陆性气候。
2、The Northeast 东北部著名城市有: (1)Boston 波士顿 (2)New York 纽约:
①Situated on three islands—Manhattan Island(曼哈顿岛), Long Island(纽约长岛) and Staten Island(斯塔顿岛) at the mouth of Hudson River(哈德逊河).
②Five boroughs—Manhattan(曼哈顿), Brooklyn(布鲁克林), Bronx(布朗克斯), Richmond(里士满) and ③the headquarter of the United Nations (联合国总部)
④The statue of liberty自由女神像The formal name is "Liberty Enlightening the World". 3、The South 南部著名城市有:
4、 The Midwest—the birthplace of the Republican Party共和党的诞生地中部著名城市有: (1)Chicago—the windy city; second most populous city after New York(New York最多) 5、The West 西部著名城市有:
(1)San Francisco圣弗兰西斯科/旧金山有Golden Gate Bridge(金门大桥) (2)Los Angels 洛杉矶有Hollywood(好莱坞)位于California加州
The American Identity (People)
1、 人口构成复杂
The United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, making it a “(大熔炉). 2、 Uneven distribution 人口分布不均 东北多西南少
The most densely populated region—the northeastern part The Great Plains—a comparatively small population The South—a population of almost 57.5 million people The West—not densely populated 3、 Civil Rights Movement 民权运动 Martin Luther King— “I Have a Dream”
The United States of America《英语国家概况》美国篇,期末整理王恩铭主编 上海外语教育出版社
4、Hispanics—the Spanish-speaking population of the United States 第二语言Part2History
整理脉络:发现新大陆——殖民——独立战争——联邦政府的建立——内战——西部大扩张——两次世界大战中的美国——当下的美国
发现新大陆时期:
1、 Mount Rushmore总统山/拉什莫尔山,位于南达科他州。 2、 哥伦布发现新大陆。
3、 Name的由来(阿美利歌-韦斯普奇) proved that the land was not India, but a new continent.
Therefore, the land was named America after him. 4、 Native Americans—5、 移民地) in the continental U.S. at St.
Augustine, Florida.最早移民为西班牙人。
6、England by the end of the 15th century. 7、 最早有13个殖民地。1607-1733,英国在美国建立13个殖民地。
8、 In 1620, A group of English Puritans(英国清教徒), now known as the Pilgrim Fathers(清教徒先祖/朝拜者),
landed at Cape Cod(科德角) for months. Landed at now known Plymouth, Massachusettes. 注意:“五月花号” 9、 Thanksgiving Day
殖民地时期:
1、 北美十三个殖民地
2、The reasons of Europeans‘ coming to America(看下即可)
(1) The need for increased trade;
The United States of America《英语国家概况》美国篇,期末整理王恩铭主编 上海外语教育出版社
(2) The zeal of Spanish priests to convert the native Indians to Christianity;
(3) The need of European religious and political dissenters for refuge from persecution in their homelands; (4) The thirst for adventure of some individuals.
独立战争时期The War of Independence/ American revolution:
1、The Causes:
①With the development of economy, the people in the colonies wanted more power to determine their own business(自决权). But the policy of the British government was to bring the development under control (把经济发展控于股掌)and collect more taxes from the colonies.
②The Boston Tea Party(波士顿茶叶事件): In 1773, several dozen Boston residents dressed as Indians boarded the ships of the British East India Company(登上英国东印度公司的船) and threw the tea into the harbor. 注意:波士顿茶叶事件The Boston Tea Party、1773年和英国东印度公司the British East India Company 2、 The Continental Congress大陆会议,中英文会表达。以下表格很重要。
3、 In September, 1783, the Treaty of Paris巴黎条约was signed. Britain recognized the independence of the United
States.
注意:巴黎条约的签订代表了美国的真正独立。
联邦政府的建立时期Establishment of a federal form of government: 领土扩张和西进运动时期Territorial expansion and the westward Movement: …… 此处隐藏:7419字,全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……