外研版英语必修二Module2 Grammar

Grammar

不定式作状语 1) 不定式作目的状语：

He broke into the house to steal something.Many drug addicts are now in treatment centers to stop taking drugs.

He’s saving up to buy a new car. He uses a computer to send emails. 2)有时候在不定式前面加上in order to 或 so as to, 否定式为 in order not to 和so as not to: Let’s hurry so as to go to school in time. Let’s hurry so as not to be late for school.

She studied very hard in order to catch up with others. She studied very hard in order not to lag behind. 3) 不定式表示目的时,通常它的逻辑主语 就是句子的主语,但如果不是的话,就要 用for… 结构表示逻辑主语,如： Mom opened the door for Jane and Betty to come in.

We are now using the series “ New Standard English” for students to make great progress. 请注意以下结构：

It is so kind of you to come and help us.(这时, you 既是to come and help us的主 语，又是kind的逻辑主语)

e.g. It’s rude of him to say so.

不定式还可以作结果或原因状语 表结果：

What have I done to get all this? She went abroad never to return. He was so late as to miss half of the lecture. She is such a good student as to be respected by all her classmates.

The house is large enough to hold two hundred by all her classmates. The house is large enough to hold two hundred people. He is too young to do the job. 表原因：

She was surprised to see us in the street. He laughed to hear the news.

The old lady rejoiced to learn that her son was the champion of the match. 2. so… that… 和such (a, an) … that … 引导的结果状语从句 1)so…that… 和such (a, an)…that…都 引导结果状语从句

Some of them behave so badly that people call the police.

It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died. It was such loud music that we couldn’t hear ourselves speak. 2) so 的后面跟形容词或副词： The night scene of that night was so beautiful that we didn’t want to come back at all.

They played so happy that they forgot the time. 3) such (a, an) 后面跟名词 They were such dangerous drug dealers that people had to ask the police for help. It is such an interesting story that all of them like it.

Summary:such+a+adj.+n.(可数)+that 从句 such+adj.+n.(不可数)+that从句 so+adj.+a+n.(可数)+that从句 so+many/few+n. (可数) +that从句 so+much/little+ n.(不可数) +that从句

4) 不定式做状语和结果状语的转换 He was so late as to miss half of the lecture. He was so late that he missed half of the lecture. She is such a good student as to be respected by all her classmate.She is such a good student that she is respected by all her classmate.

The house is large enough to hold two hundred people.

The house is so large that it can hold two hundred people.He is too young to do the job. He is so young that he can’t do the job.

补充: so, as a result of, as a

result 三者的区别 1. so 表示结果，后面跟句子。如： The shops were closed so I didn’t get any milk. 2. as a result of +名词/ 动名词/ 代词 表示 原因 如： 3. as a result 后面跟结果, 用在句子中间.

Practice 1. Complete the sentence using to, so as (not) to or in order (not) to. There may be more than one possible answer. 1.Some countries have banned smoking in public places in order to/ so as to/ to ____________________ improve public heath. 2.Tom is in a treatment centre ____________________ stop using drugs. in order to/ so as to/ to so as not to 3.I have stopped smoking ___________