牛津高中英语模块六Unit 2 要点

过去完成时(The past perfect tense)

1. 过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before,

until, when等词引导的时间状语。如：

By the end of last year we had built five new houses.

I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.

2. 过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时

间或者持续下去。如：

Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.

He had been in this college for five years before I came here.

3. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：

She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

4. 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去

时。如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

5. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表

示"原本……，未能……"。这些动词的一般过去时+不定式的完成式也可表达同样的意思。

如：

6. 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。如：

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

二、将来时

一般将来时(The simple future tense)

一般将来时表示将来某一时刻要发生的动作或所处的状态。

1. shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用

于第二人称。如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？

Will you be at home at seven this evening?

2. be going to +不定式，表示将来。

① 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。如：

What are you going to do tomorrow?

② 计划，安排要发生的事。

The play is going to be produced next month.

③ 有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.

3. be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.