200万吨原油减压蒸馏装置的初步设计 本科毕业论文

摘 要

减压塔根据生产任务的不同可以分为润滑油型和燃料油型两种。本次设计参考川中原油的基本性质，川中原油属于低硫石蜡基原油，其特点是高含蜡，高凝点，沥青质含量不高，胶质高，直馏汽油辛烷值低，柴油十六烷值高，是制润滑油的好原料。根据市场对产品的需求、经济效益等方面的因素，川中原油的加工采用了润滑油型加工方案。

本次设计根据任务书的要求，参照川中原油的常减压蒸馏的部分操作数据，设计完成一座年处理量为200万吨的减压蒸馏装置，设计的主要内容包括：工艺设计；塔体设计；接管、抽真空系统及加热炉负荷的计算。

关键词：原油；减压塔；抽真空系统；加热炉负荷

ABSTRACT

According to different production tasks, vacuum tower can be divided into two kinds of type: Lubricant type and Fuel type. The design references the basic nature of Chuanzhong crude oil. It belongs to sweet paraffinic crude oil, which is characterized by high wax, high pour point, lower asphaltene content, high resin content, low octane of straight-run gasoline, high diesel cetane number, is good raw materials for Lubricating oil. According to market demand for products, economic and other factors, the processing of Chuanzhong crude oil adopt Lubricant type processing program.

The design according to the requirements of the mission statement, reference to similar atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil part of the operating data, design an annual handling capacity of 200 thousand tons of vacuum distillation unit, main contents of design include: process design; tower design; calculation of connector pipe; calculation of vacuum system; furnace load

Key words: crude oil; vacuum tower calculations; vacuum systems; heating load.

目录

1 绪 论 .......................................................................... 1

1.1设计背景 ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2技术应用与发展现状 .................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 装置设备的考虑因素 ................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 润滑油型减压塔的工艺特征 ..................................................................................................... 3 2 减压塔的工艺计算 ............................................................... 4

2.1设计数据 ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 减压塔工艺计算......................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.1 汽提蒸汽用量 .................................................................................................................. 5 2.2.2 塔板形式和塔板数 .......................................................................................................... 5 2.3 全塔气液负荷的计算 ................................................................................................................. 6

2.3.1 全塔热量平衡计算 .......................................................................................................... 6 2.3.2减压五线塔板上的气液负荷 ........................................................................................... 7 2.3.3减压四线塔板上的气液负荷 ........................................................................................... 8 2.3.4减压三线塔板上的气液负荷 ........................................................................................... 9 2.3.5 减压二线塔板上的气液负荷 ........................................................................................ 10 2.3.6减压一线塔板上的气液负荷 ......................................................................................... 11 2.3.7二中抽出板上的气液负荷 ............................................................................................. 12 2.3.8二中回流板上的气液负荷 ............................................................................................. 13 2.3.9一中抽出板上的气液负荷 ............................................................................................. 14

2.3.10一中回流板上的气液荷 ............................................................................................... 15 2.4 中段循环回流量....................................................................................................................... 16 2.5全塔气液负荷性能图 ................................................................................................................ 16 2.6 结构计算的相关参数 ............................................................................................................... 17 2.7 塔径计算 .................................................................................................................................. 17 2.8 溢流装置的确定....................................................................................................................... 18 2.9 塔板形式、浮阀数目及排列 ................................................................................................... 18 2.10 流体力学验算......................................................................................................................... 20 2.11 塔板负荷性能图 ........................................................................... …… 此处隐藏：9790字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……