英语即兴演讲材料

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Should china raise retirement age?China Exclusive: Survey shows 91 pct oppose raising retirement ageBEIJING, September 14 (Xinhua) -- An ongoing online survey on http://www.77cn.com.cn, a popular Chinese news portal, found that 91 percent of its over 800,000 respondents were against raising the current official retirement age. As of 9 p.m. Tuesday, 745,123 of those surveyed said they opposed raising the retirement age, while only 72,456 supported it. Chinese scholars and the public have been debating whether to raise the retirement age for the past few years, but the issue rose to prominence last Friday following remarks from an official. Wang Xiaochu, the official who is the vice minister of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said at a press conference that the government was studying the matter in response to a question on whether China would raise the retirement age. The retirement age in China is generally set at 60 for men and 50-55 for women. Many opponents in the survey said raising the retirement age would put more strain on the already grave employment situation, as adding working years for those now employed would mean fewer openings for new job seekers. As about 3 million people out of the 110 million employed in urban areas reach retirement age each year, and a higher retirement age would mean three million fewer job openings, Zhang Chewei, vice director of the Institute of Population and Labor Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), said in a report on http://www.77cn.com.cn. The labor market in China is already oversupplied, Yin Chengji, the ministry's spokesman, said at the same press conference that 24 million people would enter the job market this year but only 12 million jobs were available. However, others in the survey said a higher retirement age would help to solve the problem of "empty accounts" in pension fund. The volume of these empty accounts was estimated to be 1.3 trillion yuan (191 billion U.S. dollars) by another CASS expert, Zheng Bingguo, according to media reports in July. But according to Ma Li, a labor economist and a counselor to the State Council, China's cabinet, the empty account was an unavoidable byproduct of any new pension system and should be funded by the government.

英语即兴演讲资料

Prior to the establishment of the public pension system in 1997, pensions were covered by employers and counted as part of their running cost in China. That means the system had no initial funding to begin with. The "empty account" thus refers to the pension payments of working employees that are spent on paying off the currently retired. "The empty account is no justification for raising the retirement age.The pension fund has a surplus now, and it will only run into a deficit in the 2030s'" Ma said. The government should raise the retirement age only when there is a severe labor shortage, relatively high pension payments or the government is in a fiscal crisis, she said, adding that China now had none of these three scenarios.

But she agreed with some of the surveyed that the retirement age should be raised among professions that require years of experience to master, such as doctors and lawyers.

China's aging population to hit 31% in 2050Citizens over 60 years of age will rise to 31 percent of the whole Chinese population by 2050, according to Li Baoku, president of the China Aging Development Foundation on Wednesday. Li said the average rate of "empty nesters" in big cities has reached above 30 percent, with some cities over 50 percent. "The aging population has become a severe social problem which adds to the pressure of maintaining the old." Li added that to deal with the problem, the country's old-age security system, medical insurance system and subsistence allowance insurance should be increasingly improved. Currently, China has 169 million peopleaged above 60, comprising 12.5

Securing the future of workersThe news of China's old-age pension funds having a "1.3-trillion-yuan ($191.31 billion) empty account" has caused widespread public anxiety. But social security expert Zheng Bingwen, the person who revealed this fact at an international seminar, sees the problem differently. To him, an "empty account" indicates the failure of the personal account mechanism rather than a shortage of money in the old-age insurance scheme.

英语即兴演讲资料

Should gifts be banned on Teachers’ day

英语即兴演讲资料

The ministry posted the proposal on its website on Sept 6, a day after 10 primary and high schools suggested the idea. The proposal, which has been hailed by the Chinese public, aims to "promote the country's educational equity and safeguard the respectable image of teachers", it said. According to a recent survey conducted by China Youth Daily's Social Research Center, 62 percent of the 4,083 people polled supported the idea of prohibiting teachers from accepting gifts from students or their parents. Some 68 percent of the respondents claimed to be parents of school-going children. Only 9 percent of those who participated in the online poll believe gifts are the "only way to fully express their gratitude to teachers", while a whopping 65 percent think parents bribe teachers with gifts so that they pay special attention to their children. Some 58 percent also expressed fears that their children might suffer if they don't give gifts to their teachers. "I was astonished when I realized that everyone around me gave gifts to their children's teachers," said Zhou Yan, whose son is enrolled in a Beijing-based kindergarten.

"So I also started sending gifts to the teachers, not expecting them to take better care of my son, but hoping they will treat him fairly," she said. When asked …… 此处隐藏：30371字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……