2014高考英语二轮_语法篇专题：专题13__特殊句式(强调、倒装、省略、there_be)

特殊句式

一、强调句 定义：强调句是一种修辞方式，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感 而使用的一种形式。 强调方式主要有以下几种结构：

类型

例句

用助动词“do/does He does know the place well. /did+动词原形” Do write to me when you get there. 来强调谓语动词。 She did go there last week. The last thing she needed was more work. 用形容词 very, only,single,such, That’s the very textbook we used last term. last 等修饰名词或 You are the only person here who can speak 形容词来加强语气。Chinese. How dare you buy such expensive jewels? 用倒装句(将要强 On the table were some flowers. 调的句子或被强调 Many a time have I climbed that hill. 的部分置于句首) 来加强语气。

用强调句型：“It is/was+被 强调的部分+that/who+原 句其他部分”。被强调的部 分为“人”时用who/that, 否则都用that。 注意：被强调部分不能是谓 语动词。

It was on Monday night that all this happened. It’s me who he blamed. It was what you did that made me satisfied. It is I who/that am in charge of the factory.

用in the world,on earth,at Where in the world could he be? all等介词短语可以表达更强 What on earth is it? 的语气(常用于疑问句)。

【考点一】考查not ... until 结构的强调句，其结构为： It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。 【即学即练】 单项填空 ①It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that 答案：D 【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型 【即学即练】 单项填空

②Was it _____ he was seriously ill that he didn’t come to school yesterday? A. although B. that C. because D. since ③______ he came back home that we knew what had happened. A. When it was B. It was when C. Was it when D. When was it 答案：②C ③B 【考点三】考查强调句的特殊疑问句 其结构是：疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他部分，但这类句型如出现 在宾语从句中，其结构为：疑问词+it+is/was+that+其他部分。 Where was it that you met the Frenchman? 【即学即练】 单项填空 ④______ electricity plays an important part in our daily life? A. Why was it that B. Why is it that C. Why is it D. Why it is that 答案：B

【难点一】正确判断强调句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确。 ①It was the school gate ____ I met an old friend of mine after class. ②Was it in this palace ______ the last emperor died? 解析：强调句型的强调部分必须是对 that /who 之后句子的某一成 分表示强调，如果把“It is (was)...that”去掉，该句意思完整。题① 如果去掉It was与横线部分，则成分不完整，the school gate 前应该 加上at才能作状语，才能构成强调

句型，所以题①为定语从句应填 where;题②若去掉Was it与横线部分，句子完整，故应填that,为 强调句型。 【难点二】强调句型与It is/was+时间+when/before从句；It be+ 时间+since从句；It be long...before...等句型的区别。 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确 ①It was at midnight ______ I got back home yesterday. ②It was midnight ______ I got back home yesterday.

③It is two years _____ I began to learn English. ④It may be many years_______ the situation improves. 解析：通过分析题干可知，题①是强调句型，被强调的是时间状语， 空白处应填that;题②以名词的方式来表示时间，其后从句是when 引导的定语从句；题③表示“自从……以来已有多久”,用since来 引导；题④用的是“It was+时间段+before从句”表示“过了多长 时间才……”。 二、倒装句 定义：为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句， 颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。倒装 句分为三种： 完全倒装：指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。 部分倒装：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。 如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does 或did,并将其置于主语之前。 形式倒装：在语法上又被称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容 提置句首，主谓并不倒装。 具体用法见下表：

倒装类型

例句

部分倒装

Only in this way can you solve this problem. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.Up went the rocket into the air. Such would be our home in the future. On top of the hill stands a tall tree. Here comes the bus. What an interesting talk they had! The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.

完全倒装

形式倒装

【考点一】部分倒装 部分倒装主要有以下几种情况： (1)句首状语为否定词(组)或半否定词(组)的句子。这类词或短 语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no等。 Little does he care about what I said. (2)only+状语放在句首，要部分倒装。注意，only修饰主语不倒装。 Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (3)so/such...that结构中的so或such位于句首。 So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. (4)“neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人 或某事亦非如此”; “so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“某人或某事亦是 如此”。

注意：①当陈述部分既有肯定又有否定或者谓语动词既有实义动 词又 …… 此处隐藏：3117字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……