初中英语语法大全(2)

初中英语语法精华

情况

常用动词

只接不定式做宾 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 语的动词 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider 只接动名词做宾 can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged 语的动词或短语 in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue(接不定式多指具体的动作，接 意义基本相 动名词多指一般或习惯行为) 同 need, want, require(接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用 被动形式) 两 者 都 可 以 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 remember/forget/regret to do(指动作尚未 go on to do(接着做另外一件 发生) 事) remember/forget/regret doing (指动作已经 go on doing(接着做同一件事) 发生) try to do(设法，努力去做，尽力) try doing(试试去做，看有何结果) mean to do(打算做，企图做) mean doing (意识是，意味着)

意义不同

can’t help to do(不能帮忙做) can’t help doing(忍不住要做) III.非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别： 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间 概念 例句

不定式

ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage 主谓关系。 强调动作将发生 I heard him call me several times. 或已经完成 have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make 主谓关系。 强调动作正在进 I found her listening to the radio. 行，尚未完成 动宾关系。动作已经完成， We found the village greatly changed. 多强调状态

现在分词 notice, see, watch, hear, 过去分词 find, keep, have, feel IV. 非谓语动词做定语的区别： 区别 不定式

举例

与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将 I have a lot of papers to type. 来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式 I have a lot of papers to be typed.

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初中英语语法精华

九．定语从句 I.

定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句

初中英语语法精华

history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. 人，物 A plane is a machine that can fly. 主语，宾 She is the pop star (that) I want to see 语 very much. The book (which) I gave you was worth 主语，宾 $10. The picture which was about the accident 语 was terrible.

不可以用 that

that

which

物

as

人，物

He is such a person as is respected by all 主语，宾 as 做宾语一般 of us. 语 不省略 This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用 on which 可用 in which

when 关系 where 副词 why

时间 地点 原因

地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 原因状语

I can’t imagine the reason why he turned 可用 for which do

wn my offer.

II. that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别： 情况 用法说明 例句

1. 先行词为 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。 2. 先行词被 all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few 等修饰时 3. 只用 that 的情 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 况 4. 先行词既指人又指物时 5. 先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时 6. 句中已经有 who 或 which 时，为了避免重 复时 1. 只用 which, 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用 which 指 who, whom 的 代物，用 who/whom 指人 情况 2.

1.He told me everything that he knows. 2.All the books that you offered has been given out. 3.This is the best film that I have ever read. 4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. 5.He is the only man that I want to see. 6.Who is the man that is making a speech?

He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.

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初中英语语法精华

在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 Those who respect others are usually respected by others. 中，只能用 which 指物，whom 指人。 3. 先行词本身是 that 时，关系词用 which, 先 行词为 those, one, he 时多用 who。 III. as 与 which 的区别： 定语从 句 限制性 定语从 句中 区别 例句

He is not such a fool as he looks. 名词前有 such 和 the same 修饰时，关系 Don’t read such books as you can’t 代词用 as,不能用 which understand. as 和 which 都可以指代前面整个主句。 如 果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主 句前，也可以放在后面，那么用 as;而 which 引导的从句只能放主句后，并无 “正如”的意思。 They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

非限制 性定语 从句中

IV. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别： 类别 语法意义及特征 例句

对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意 The accident happened at the 限制性定语 思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分 time when I left. 从句 密切，写时不用逗号分开。 对先行词作附加的说明，与 …… 此处隐藏：4215字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……