中考词法专项讲解-----动词的主谓一致

中考研究

中考对主谓一致的考查主要包括以下三方面：

1. 学科名词作主语；表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语作主语；the + 姓氏名词复数作主语；动名词作主语； 一些以-s结尾的不可数名词作主语，如news, physics; neither, either of …等

2. 主语后带有with, except, together等介词短语。

3. 就近原则。如there be句型，either …or…, neither …nor…等

知识精讲

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和单复数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵守三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近原则。

一、 语法一致原则

主语和谓语通常在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语就用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语用复数形式。

1.单数名词（代词）、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；

复数名词（代词）作主语时，谓语用复数形式。

That’s a good idea. What is a soap opera? The desk is Tom’s.

Some water is in the bottle. The students are playing football on the playground.

2.当and和both…and…连接两个或三个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Tomatoes and potatoes are vegetables. Both Lucy and Lily are students.

3.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Everybody gets tired sometimes. There is something wrong with my bike.

Everyone else in my class was invited except me, and I don’t know why.

4.由each, each …, every …作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Each boy was given a new book.

5.在下列结构中，谓语动词的形式和前面的A部分保持一致

together with

along with ( 或with)

besides (或but/except) A as well as + B + 谓语动词+ 其它

including

rather than

like

in addition to

However, life with a pig isn’t always perfect. The captain, as well as the other players, was tired.

6.用one, every one, each one, any one, each, either, neither等+ of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is pretty.