1997-2012考研历年英语试题,部分答案有意删去,以便平时练习

1997-2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案

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[C] meet the expectation of business people [D] fail to reflect the true state of economy

57. The author raises the question ―what about pain without gain?‖ because ________.

[A] he questions the truth of ―no gain without pain‖ [B] he does not think the productivity revolution works [C] he wonders if the official statistics are misleading

[D] he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses

58. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? [A] Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.

[B] New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity. [C] The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long term profitability. [D] The consultants are a bunch of good-for-nothings. Text 3

Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo‘s 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake‘s harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.

Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics -- but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked ―antiscience‖ in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R. Gross, a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University.

Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as ―The Flight from Science and Reason,‖ held in New York City in 1995, and ―Science in the Age of (Mis) information,‖ which assembled last June near Buffalo.

Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science‘s objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.

A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.

Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, whose manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pre-technological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.

The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a of environmental studies, are those the global depletion ofIndeed, some epithet is in of meaningless. ―The difthings,‖ notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his Science and Anti-Science. ―They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.‖

59. The word ―schism‖ (Line 4, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means ________.

[A] confrontation [B] dissatisfaction [C] separation [D] contempt

60. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to ________. [A] discuss the cause of the decline of science‘s power [B] show the author‘s sympathy with scientists [C] explain the way in which science develops

[D] exemplify the division of science and the humanities

61. Which of the following is true according to the passage? [A] Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay. [B] Politicians are not subject to the labeling of antiscience. [C] The ―more enlightened‖ tend to tag others as antiscience. [D] Tagging environmentalists as ―antiscience‖ is justifiable.

62. The author‘s attitude toward the issue of ―science vs. antiscience‖ is ________. [A] impartial [B] subjective [C] biased [D] puzzling Text 4

Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.

This development -- and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead -- has enthroned the South as America‘s most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation‘s head counting.

Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people -- numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.

Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.

Three sun-belt states -- Florida, Texas and California -- together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th -- with Cleveland and Washington. D. C. dropping out of the top 10.

Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census

officials say, Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too -- and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday‘s ―baby boom‖ generation reached its child bearing years.

Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances -- ■Regionall …… 此处隐藏：9006字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……