动词-ing形式的用法

时间：2025-07-09

高考英语语法总复习

动词-ing形式的句法功能

一、做主语;

e.g. 通常为了避免主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语 (请改写上面两个句子)

常用于固定句型 It’s a waste of time doing sth / It’s no/little good/use doing sth e.g. Its no use arguing with you.（argue 和争吵、争辩）

It’s a waste of time working on this problem. / Its no use reasoning with him. / Its no good reading in dim light. / Its no good crying over spilt milk.( cry over sth 为而哭泣。Cry for sth 哭闹着要什么东西。Spill/spilt/spilt vt.溢出、溅出) Its no good quarrelling about it any longer. ( quarrel vi.争吵) 并列句中用动词-ing形式做主语时应该具备一致性，即两个分句都用动词-ing形式做主语。is good for your eyes. 简单句中如果主语和表语是同位关系，也应该注意动词-ing形式的一致性，即主语和表语均使用动词-ing形式. Eg Seeing is believing.

二、动词-ing形式作宾语

动词-ing形式作宾语，常见的有（需要记住）：

Enjoy/consider/escape/avoid 喜欢考虑不逃避

Stop/give up/object to/risk 停止放弃不冒险

Admit/understand/be worth 承认理解很值得

Mind/imagine/delay/put off 反对想象莫推迟

Require/finish/look forward to要求完成是期望

Suggest/keep on/practice 建议继续勤操练

Cant help/excuse/insist on 不禁原谅要坚持

Go on/appreciate/succeed in 继续欣赏便成功

高考英语语法总复习

注意appreciate 后面只能接“事”作宾语，不能接“人”作宾语，与thank 用法相反。 Eg. we will appreciate We will thank

I appreciate your kindness.( ) I appreciate you for your kindness.( )

He thanked her for her kindness.( ) He thanked her kindness. ( )

请翻译几个句子：

1。He should avoid doing tasks that require great alertness, such as driving a car. (alertness.警觉)

2. Mr smith is considering buying a computer, which is consider to be a great help in our work or study.

3.I could not resist telling him the secret. （resist 忍受、反对、抵抗）

4. The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.

5.（1）Wood is used[ to make into desks] (be used to +动词原形表示“被用于”).

（2）I used to have a walk after supper, but now I am used to playing basketball.

Used to do sth 表示过去经常做的事情 be used to doing sth 表示“习惯于做的事情”。又如：I am used to shopping alone. She is used to getting up early.

6.when he heard his father had gone, he could not help crying.

7.I can not stand sitting and doing nothing / I can not stand working with him./ I can not stand being laughed at./ I can not stand feeling guilty.(有罪的、内疚的)

8.she did not feel like eating anything yesterday

9.Both of my parents insisted on buying a computer for me, but I think it is not necessary.

10. We look forward to meeting you again.

11. You should not devote your spare time to playing computer games.

Doctors and nurses should devote themselves to looking after the sick

She devoted herself to teaching.

12. I have great difficulty (in) dealing with others./ we had much trouble in finding the Toms house

请比较：forget to do sth / forget doing sth remember to do sth / remember doing sth Regret /stop / try /mean /go on /cant help to do sth

Regret /stop / try /mean /go on /cant help doing sth

请翻译几个句子：

1. Dont forget to lock the door when you leave

2. I remember returning the book to the library.

3. I regret having told her earlier / I regret to tell you that I will leave tomorrow

4. He stopped reading. / He stopped to read.

三、动词-ing形式及其短语作宾语补足语

（1）表示感官的动词 see hear feel watch find notice(注意到) catch（撞见、偶然发

觉）observed（看到、注意到）sb doing sth 表示动作正在进行。

1.He observed a stranger hanging near the gate of the school.

2. I caught a stranger sliding into the managers office.

3.I felt someone patting on the should.

4.I noticed them talking in low voices.

5.The police caught him stealing a car.

6.He saw a girl getting on the bus./ He saw a girl get on the bus and drive off. (用动词原形表示动作的全过程)

高考英语语法总复习

7.I noticed the boy _____________(beat) by his mother.

8.Do you mind _______(jim)______________(leave) alone at home?

9.While shopping, people sometimes cannot help ______________(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need. ( she persuaded me into buying it )

(2) 表示“使役”的动词 have make get leave keep (重点) set catch

I am sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.

三、动词-ing形式作表语

Eg Travelling is interesting but tiring. / This food smells inviting (吸引人的、诱人的) My favorite sport is swimming. / Their job is cleaning the floor.

把动词-ing形式当成形容词或名词

四、动词-ing形式作定语

(一)、单个动词-ing形式作前置定语

A walking stick = a stick for walking / a racing bicycle = a bicycle for racing

A sleeping car =a car for sleeping. 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能

A walking child =a child who is walking / a sleeping girl = a girl who is sleeping 说明被修饰名词的动作和状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句

（二）作定语的动词-ing形式如果是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面

Eg The man standing by the window is our teacher