猪人工授精新技术

时间：2025-02-23

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猪人工授精新技术

(美国南达科达州立大学供稿)施学仕博士美国大豆协会-国际项目上海代表处

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Training Boars for Semen Collection

训练公猪进行采精 Select a person who is patient and enjoys working with animals.选择一个有耐心并乐于与动物相处的人 Begin training during the isolation process by building a trust between you and the boar. Spend a few minutes each day scratching, rubbing and talking with the boar.训练开始于

隔离过程中，这时要在操作者和公猪之间建立信任，每天花几分钟对公猪抓痒、擦拭和“对话” Boars vary in their rate of sexual development. Some 7 mo old boars are ready to be trained and others require 4 - 6 wks longer.不同公猪的性成熟速度各异，有些7月龄

的公猪就可投入训练，而另一些可能要晚4~6 周才行。

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Training Boars (con’t)公猪训练(续) Provide a clean, dry, well lighted area free of distractions. A breeding mat helps provide footing. A boar that slips during mounting may be shy about attempting it again.

训练场地应该清洁、干燥、光照良好且无干扰。地上铺上一个防滑垫可有助于公猪站稳，公猪在爬跨时滑倒会羞于再次爬跨。 Keep the area about 8 x 10 ft, so that the boar is focused.

训练区域大小应在8×10英尺左右，以便公猪能够集中精力。 If possible, collect a previously trained boar first. The odor and sound may stimulate the ―rookie” if he is located next to the collection area.

如有可能,先对先前接受了训练的公猪采精。令新公猪站在近旁,采精时的气味和声响会对新公猪产生刺激

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Training Boars (con’t)公猪训练(续) Adjust the dummyso that it is equal to or slightly lower

than the boar being trained.调整假母猪的高度，

使其等于或略高于训练公猪的高度。 Plan for short training sessions (15 -20 min). Some boars may mount the dummy immediately but others may want to explore the pen and dummy for several session.每次

训练时间应该短些(15 ~ 20分钟)。有些公猪会立即爬跨假母猪，而有些公猪在开始几次训练中只是探究猪圈和假母猪。

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Training Boars (con’t)公猪训练(续) Some boars require coaxing. Crouchdown near the dummy, allow the boar to smell your hand and clothes and talk in a reassuring tone. Try pouring semen from a previous collection on the dummy.对有些公猪需要哄骗。要在假母猪

旁边蹲下，让公猪嗅闻你的手和衣服，采用使公猪安定的声调召唤公猪。 Keep the boar focused on the dummy. If needed, use winged gates to keep him in front of the dummy.要使公猪集中关注假母猪。需要时

可用winged gate使公猪呆在假母猪的前面。

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New Technologies新技术 Boar semen extenders公猪精液稀释剂 Intra-uterine Insemin

ation子宫内输精 Sexing of boar semen公猪精液性别化 Cloning and embryo transfer克隆和胚胎

移植

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Reasons for developing new long-term boar semen extenders研制长效公猪精液稀释剂的原因 More favorable work hours in boar stud

增加人工授精站的有效工时 Reduction or elimination of weekend collections

减少或避免周末采精 Reduced transportation cost of semen

降低精液运输成本 Testing of semen for PRRS before shipping/using semen可在精液运输/应用之前

测试其是否受到猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒污染 Longer storage life of延长精液储存时间 Fewer discards at the farm减少猪场中精液浪费

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New Long-Term Extenders新的长效稀释剂 Non-published formula未发表配方– Androhep® EnduraGuard – Androhep® EnduraGuard Shelf-life is 9 days有效期9天

Antibiotics抗生素

– SafeCell Plus SafeCell Plus Shelf-life is 9 days有效期9天 Liquid concentrated extender液态浓缩稀释剂 Specific blend of antibiotics与抗生素混合

– Mulberry III Mulberry III Shelf-life is 7 to 14 days有效期7~14天 Antibiotic抗生素

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Intra-uterine Insemination

子宫内输精 Intra-uterine ―body‖ insemination (IUBI)子宫内输精(子宫体内输精) Deep intra-uterine ―horn‖ insemination (DIUHI)深部子宫内输

精(子宫角内输精)

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Suggested beneficial aspects of intra-uterine body AI:

子宫体内输精的好处

Less back-flow减少精液回流 Fewer sperm cells per dose可减少每次输精 Smaller volume required可减少每次输精的精 Less time needed to inseminate可减少每次输 Less boars will be needed to produce sperm cells公猪的头数 Genetic cost will be lower?可降低种猪成本？

的精子数液量

精花费的时间

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Percentage of sows inseminated that have backflow with traditional AI

传统输精法的精液回流情况No. sows evaluated 120 No. sows with backflow 76 63.3

Time of backflow

精液回流During AI

测试母猪数有回流母猪数有回流母猪%

% of sows with backflow

输精中

0 to .5 hr after AI 输精后0~0.5 小时 .5 to 2.5 hr after AI 输精后0.5~ 2.5 小时

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