选修八Unit 3

[基础回顾]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516346)

1．What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?

2．We must always bear in mind that China is a big country with a huge population.

3．The exhibition was organized by the school in association(associate) with local artists.

4．When you come to school, please visit my office at your convenience(convenient)．5．The service offers young people practical(practice) advice on finding a job.

6．Whether or not the secretary will be fired is at the mercy(merciful) of her boss.

7．I believe that you are innocent(innocence), and I'll stand up for you anywhere.

8．We all have an expectation(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.

9．I have filled in the form and filed(file) my patent application with the Patent Office.

10．In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing(seize) opportunities can one succeed.

Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516347)

1．Distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world.Distinguishing→Distinguished

2．Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden the students have to bear with.去掉with

3．The teacher's abruptly ending speaking can make some students focus their attention on their listening.abruptly→abrupt

4．The new government must set out finding solutions to the country's economic problems. out→about

5．It is so cold and frozen that we have to stay at home.frozen→freezing

Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516348)

1．早上丢失了一小时，你就得在一天剩下的时间里努力寻找这一小时。(祈使句＋and ＋陈述句)

答案：Lose one hour in the morning，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day.

2．只有这样做，我们才能让世界更美好。(倒装)

答案：Only by doing so can we help to make the world a better place.

3．这个明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。(so...that....)

答案：This star is so easy-going that she can get along well with her fans.

4．我们必须牢记是共产党(the Communist Party)领导我们走向胜利的。(keep in mind) 答案：We must keep in mind that it is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.

5．似乎没什么可以做的了，只有派人去请医生。(There seem to be...)

答案：There seemed to be nothing left to do but send for the doctor.

[技能提升]

Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516349)

(2018·衡水模拟)A team of engineers at Harvard University have been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.

“It's extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件)，”said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago，his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own，” he said.

They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it's connected to.”said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power，computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.

While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers' fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.

Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots

instead，” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drive us on a d ay to day basis.”

[语篇解读]本文主要讲述哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难，研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。

1．The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that ________.

A．they had no model in their mind

B．they did not have enough time

C．they had no ready-made components

D．they could not assemble the components

解析：C[细节理解题。根据第二段可知类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，不得不靠自己去开发，可知困难就是没有现成的组成部件。] 2．It can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly ________.

A．consists of a flight device and a control system

B．can just fly in limited areas at the present time

C．can collect information from many sources

D．has been put into wide application

解析：B[推理判断题。根据第四段的“While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small，off-board power source”可知，目前由于电池等的限制，机器苍蝇只能在有限的区域飞行。] 3．Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A．The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.

B．Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.

C．There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.

D．Wood's design can replace animals in some experiments.

解析：D[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“you know，to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals，but using these robots instead”可知，有些试验用动物很困难，但是可以用机器人来替代。]

4．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A．Father of Robotic Fly

B．Inspiration from Engineering Science

C．Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect

D．Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study

解析：C[主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2018·海南五校高三第二次模拟)One rainy afternoon I was sitting at home feeling so bored. __1__feeling sorry for myself, I wanted to meet people and have new __2__so I decided to start volunteering. I found a website where I could volunteer on a farm in France.

V olunteering __3__so many opportunities to have fun and share __4__stories. It was the first time for me to work on a farm. It was almost a(n) __5__holiday as food and accommodation were provided. It was not one __6__holiday，however，as I had to __7__fifteen horses and sheep! I soon discovered that I was a(n) __8__farmer but it did not matter because I made some great friends and also improved my __9__.

However，you do not __10__go abroad to volunteer. I have had plenty of adventures at home as volunteering can become a __11__. For example，I love __12__so I had a good laugh waving my arms in order to __13__my local choir (合唱团). At university, I organized a concert for charity with my friends. It was really __14__to find bands and raise money for a cause.

It is true that you feel good volunteering but there are also other __15__. I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event where the organizers __16__gave me cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me for my __17__. I also volunteered in a charity shop so I found loads of nice cheap clothes to __18__my wardrobe.

While this is all fun，my favourite aspect of volunteering is __19__and sharing stories. My terrible __20__at farming has given me funny stories to tell!

[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从事志愿工作的经历以及志愿工作的优点。

1．A.Apart from B．Due to

C．Instead of D．But for

解析：C[下文提到作者决定做志愿工作，故这里应是“我想见别人并有新的经历，而不是自怨自艾”。Instead of “而不是，取代”，符合语境。]

2．A.experiences B．discoveries

C．opportunities D．changes

解析：A[参见上题解析。experience意为“经历”，符合语境。]

3．A.recommends B．demands

C．offers D．seizes

解析：C[此处指“志愿工作提供很多能让人玩得愉快并分享精彩的故事的机会”。offer “提供”，符合语境。]

4．A.popular B．fantastic

C．familiar D．important

解析：B[参见上题解析。fantastic意为“美妙的，精彩的”，符合语境。]

5．A.impressive B．free

C．cheap D．special

解析：B[根据下文的“as food and accommodation were provided”可知，农场提供食物和住宿，故此处表示它几乎是一个免费的(free)假期。]

6．A.unique B．regular

C．typical D．convenient

解析：C[根据上文的“work on a farm”及下文的“as I had to __7__fifteen horses and sheep”可知，这不是一个典型的(typical)假期，因为作者在农场工作，而且必须照顾十五匹马和羊。]

7．A.attend to B．research into

C．hunt for D．communicate with

解析：A[参见上题解析。attend to sb./sth.意为“照顾某人/某物”。]

8．A.skillful B．suitable

C．hard-working D．awful

解析：D[根据下文的“but”及最后一段中的“My terrible __20__at farming”可知，此处指“不久我就发现我是一个糟糕的(awful)农民”。]

9．A.English B．French

C．Russian D．Chinese

解析：B[根据第一段中的“on a farm in France”可知，作者在法国的农场从事志愿工作，所以应是提高法语。]

10．A.normally B．basically

C．naturally D．necessarily

解析：D[根据下文的“I have had plenty of adventures at home...”可知，作者在国内有许多冒险经历，故可推知“你不一定要去国外从事志愿工作”。necessarily意为“必要地”，not necessarily “不一定”。]

11．A.hobby B．trend

C．job D．reality

解析：A[下文提到的志愿工作显然是作者的爱好，关键词“love”就是暗示，故用hobby。]

12．A.dancing B．writing

C．singing D．performing

解析：C[根据下文的“my local choir(合唱团)”和“I organized a concert for charity...”可知，作者喜欢唱歌(singing)。]

13．A.greet B．control

C．organize D．conduct

解析：D[根据上文的“I had a good laugh waving my arms...”及后面的“my local choir(合唱团)”可推知，此处指挥动胳膊来指挥(conduct)当地的合唱团。] 14．A.powerful B．hopeful

C．meaningful D．successful

解析：C[找乐队并为慈善事业筹钱真的很有意义。meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境。]

15．A.adventures B．advantages

C．factors D．achievements

解析：B[根据下文的“gave me cupcakes...”“so I found loads of nice cheap clothes”可知，这里说的是“你确实能感受到志愿工作的好处，但是它还有其他的优点(advantages)”。] 16．A.generously B．cautiously

C．equally D．proudly

解析：A[根据下文的“...cupcakes from an expensive London bakery to thank me...”可知组织者很大方地给作者很贵的杯形蛋糕。generously意为“慷慨地，大方地”，符合语境。] 17．A.services B．patience

C．determination D．choices

解析：A[根据上文的“I once volunteered as a steward(干事) at a charity sports event...”可知，组织者给作者杯形蛋糕是为了感谢作者的服务(services)，故选A项。] 18．A.decorate B．replace

C．beautify D．update

解析：D[根据上下文可知，作者在慈善商店找到许多漂亮、便宜的衣服来更新自己的衣橱。]

19．A.creating B．imagining

C．choosing D．completing

解析：A[此处指“但对于志愿工作，我最喜欢的方面是创造(creating)并分享故事”。] 20．A.offence B．shame

C．attempt D．annoyance

解析：C[结合语境和文章的情感基调可知，这里应是说作者在农场的尝试让作者有了可以分享的有趣的故事。attempt意为“努力，尝试”，符合语境。]

Ⅲ.短文改错(导学号02516350)

While away in another city to attend a concert, I have my handbag stolen. My bag contained the money I needed pay for my accommodation. It made me real worried! While looking for a

hotel I was staying in，I asked a taxi driver for directions. On heard about what had happened, he offered to take me to there for free. What's more，he handed I 100 yuan when he left the hotel. I refused to take them. He insisted, and told me he had been in a similar situation once and that a woman had helped him. When he asked about her phone number so he could returned the money, the woman simply replied. “Don't pay it back－pay it forward！”So, he did!

答案：