《计算机英语(第3版)》练习参考答案

Unit One/Section A

I. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:
1. Charles Babbage; Augusta Ada Byron
2. input; output
3. VLSI
4. workstations; mainframes
5. vacuum; transistors
6. instructions; software
7. digit; eight; byte
8. microminiaturization; chip
II. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:
1. artificial intelligence人工智能
2. paper-tape reader纸带阅读器
3. optical computer光计算机
4. neural network神经网络
5. instruction set指令集
6. parallel processing并行处理
7. difference engine差分机
8. versatile logical element通用逻辑元件
9. silicon substrate硅衬底
10. vacuum tube真空管
11.数据的存储与处理
the storage and handling of data
12.超大规模集成电路
very large-scale integrated circuit
13.中央处理器
central processing unit
14.个人计算机
personal computer

15.模拟计算机
analogue computer
16.数字计算机
digital computer
17.通用计算机
general-purpose computer
18.处理器芯片
processor chip
19.操作指令
operating instructions
20.输入设备
input device
III. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making
changes if necessary:
We can define a computer as a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and
produces output. According to the mode of processing, computers are either analog or digital.
They can also be classified as mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, or microcomputers.
All else (for example, the age of the machine) being equal, this categorization provides some
indication of the computer’s speed, size, cost, and abilities.

Ever since the advent of computers, there have been constant changes. First-generation

computers of historic significance, such as UNIVAC (通用自动计算机), introduced in the
early 1950s, were based on vacuum tubes. Second-generation computers, appearing in the
early 1960s, were those in which transistors replaced vacuum tubes. In third-generation
computers, dating from the 1960s, integrated circuits replaced transistors. In fourth-generation
computers such as microcomputers, which first appeared in the mid-1970s, large-scale
integration enabled thousands of circuits to be incorporated on one chip. Fifth-generation
computers are expected to combine very-large-scale integration with sophisticated approaches
to computing, including artificial intelligence and true distributed processing.

IV. Translate the following passage fro
m English into Chinese:
计算机将变得更加先进，也将变得更加容易使用。语音识别的改进将使计算机的操

作更加容易。虚拟现实，即使用所有人类官能与计算机进行交互的技术，也将有助于创

建更好的人机接口。人们正在开发其他的奇异计算模型，包括使用生物机体的生物计

算、

使用具有特定属性的分子的分子计算，以及使用遗传基本单位
DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）存

储数据和执行操作的计算。这些都是可能的未来计算平台的例子，而它们迄今还能力有

限或完全属于理论范畴。科学家们研究它们，是因为嵌入硅中的电路的微小型化受到物


理限制。还有一些限制与甚至最微小的晶体管也会产生的热量有关。



Unit Two/Section A

I．
Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:
1. input; output; storage
2. Basic Input/Output System
3. flatbed scanners; hand-held scanners
4. LCD-based
5. dot-matrix printers; inkjet printers
6. disk drives; memory
7. volatile
8. serial; parallel
II. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:
1. function key功能键，操作键
2. voice recognition module语音识别模块
3. touch-sensitive region触敏区
4. address bus地址总线
5. flatbed scanner平板扫描仪
6. dot-matrix printer点阵打印机（针式打印机）
7. parallel connection并行连接
8. cathode ray tube阴极射线管
9. video game电子游戏

10. audio signal音频信号
11.操作系统
operating system
12.液晶显示（器）
LCD (liquid crystal display)
13.喷墨打印机
inkjet printer
14.数据总线
data bus
15.串行连接
serial connection
16.易失性存储器
volatile memory
17.激光打印机
laser printer
18.磁盘驱动器
disk drive
19.基本输入/输出系统
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
20.视频显示器
video display
III. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making
changes if necessary:
CD-ROM stands for compact disc read-only memory. Unlike floppy and hard disks,
which use magnetic charges to represent 1s and 0s, optical discs use reflected light. On a
CD-ROM disc, 1s and 0s are represented by flat areas and bumpy (高低不平的) areas (called
“pits”) on its bottom surface. The CD-ROM disc is read by a laser that projects a tiny beam of
light on these areas. The amount of reflected light determines whether the area represents a1
or a 0.

Like a commercial CD found in music stores, a CD-ROM is a “read-only” disc.

Read-only means it cannot be written on or erased by the user. Thus, you as a user …… 此处隐藏：28778字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……