高中英语阅读理解

解题指导与训练

英语高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求

要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作 品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告 以及书、报、杂志中的文章并回答 相关问题，题型设置共5篇短文，阅 读总量不低于1000词，计40分

阅读理解设题类型

细节理解 词义猜测 主旨归纳 推理判断

解题时有以下几种方法：1.先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看

文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。 2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信 息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下首段和尾段。再把标 题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。3.细读原文，捕捉勾划相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。 4.生僻词汇，不影响做题就忽略，关键生词，即利用 上下文猜测其义

5.先易后难，排除干扰

How to get the main idea? 主旨归纳题

Characteristics of this kind of questions:主旨大意题主要考查同学们在理解全 文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推 理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度概 括或总结的能力。多就文章的主要内容、 主题或标题进行设问。要求学生在理解 全文的基础上能较好的运用概括、判断、 归纳、推理等逻辑方法，对文章进行高 度概括或总结。

Question forms:1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. What is mainly discussed in the text? 3. The passage mainly talks about _____.

4. What is the best title for the passage? 5.Which of the following would be the best title? 6.The best headline for the passage would be__

7. What is the purpose of the text? 8. What’s the main purpose the writer is trying to make?

Practice:

1

Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? (1 minute)

2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. appearance

(1minute)

3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only $79. Two days sale. Hu-rry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which

is “just right for you” It costs $ Thissales sales method called “bait and switch”. 395. This method is is called “bait( 引诱 ) and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying things on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. (2 minutes) The paragraph could be entitled _________. A. Buying A TV Set (detail) B. A Selling Method 诱售法 C. Buyer Beware (detail) D. TV On Sale (detail)

4

Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.(2 minutes) The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. detail A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. detail B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. detail D. Tom received an excellent education.

Types Of Paragraph Structurestype The position of the topic At the beginning At the end In the middle No clear topic sentence Information words for example…… so, therefore,……

How to get the main idea of a passage?

5① Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip around the world.

It took them more than two years to do so by ship. ② Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. ③ Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. (4minutes) Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellan’s death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Magellan’s Voyage

① Magellan’s men were the first to make

the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.

Magellan’s voyage was the first trip around the world .

1. time sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 2. ships and 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 people men. After passing the tip of South America, 3. route they reached th

e Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often 4. Sufferings they could not see a piece of land for and difficulties months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them a. Lack of died of hunger and diseases. They even had food and to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, freshwater Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued b. Hunger their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was and diseases with the greatest difficulty that they passed②Magellan was from Portugal, but he

The process of Magellan’s long difficult voyage

the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.

c. Deaths 5. success