文献翻译--范例(供参考)2012.10.16

英文翻译

分 院 海 运 学 院

专 业 物 流 管 理

届 别 2012届

学 号 084771115

姓 名 雷远航

指导教师 刘桂云

2011 年 10 月 31日

<文献翻译一：原文>

The Internet of Things: The Death of a Traditional

Database?

Keith G. Jeffery

Director IT & International Strategy, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory,

Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX UK

Abstract

Traditional database research has developed technology to ensure that the database — even when

distributed — represents the world of interest with integrity and a consistent state. Important concepts have been developed and proven. However, the internet of things challenges all this. Very large numbers of nodes handle volumes that are vast, the speed is fast and the data/information space is global — indeed with space data — universal. This poses challenges. What does the concept of a state mean when the information map of the real world of interest is represented across millions of nodes, many of which are updating in real-time? What does a transaction look like when the data being updated is spread across hundreds or thousands of nodes with differing update policies? Worse, how does one roll back or compensate a transaction? We have already seen database research applied to semi-structured data, to streamed data, and real-time applications. Is it possible for these techniques to be applied to the internet of things? The internet of things opens up more opportunities for security compromises. How do we develop trust band security techniques across

multiple policies? How do we prevent the unauthorized use of private information yet permit authorized use? We need dynamic trust, security, and privacy management. Do we need a new theoretical framework?

Keywords

Database, Future internet, Integrity, Process, State, Transaction, Workflow.

1. Introduction

There is much activity in Europe and the world on predicting the future of information and

communication technology (ICT). There are roadmapping exercises for R and D in various domains to meet that predicted future. The EC has set up expert groups and/or Projects covering GRIDs, CLOUDs,

Service-Oriented Architectures, quantum and bio-computing, new materials, human computer interaction,

and cognitive technology among others. There is much discussion of Web2.0 and beyond. The ‘Internet of Things’ (http:// http:///wiki/Internet_of_Things) is a strong theme with a recent EC (European Commission) conference (May 2009) dedicated to it. The formation of the FIA (Future Internet Assembly) underpins the groundswell of enthusiasm for this idea, and Issue 77 of ERCIM News [1] has Future Internet Technology as the special theme, with a foreword by Viviane Reding, EC Commissioner for Information Society and Media, emphasizing the importance. Europe is establishing an e-Infrastructure and the US is establishing its Cyberinfrastructure.

Database researchers (with a few notable exceptions) have not been very prominent in these discussions. This is surprising, as the movement toward take up of these new technologies by the business world

pioneered in the research field will require, at the least, interoperation with the existing database technology, and most likely a further wholesale evolutionary or revolutionary development

of the database technology, to adapt to the new environment. Database research has moved to include

semi-structured data and its processing and managing of data streams. There is work on schema matching and mapping for interoperation (sometimes in the context of Dataspaces), and on domain ontologies. There is still ongoing work on web-database interfaces, modeling, and systems development. Work on performance or query optimization with new algorithms continues, as does optimized storage architecture — including P2P (Peer to Peer).

Where are the advances in database research matching — and/or contributing to — the huge advances in (among others) social networking, content creation and repurposing, gaming, sensor systems, robotics, autonomic systems, visualization, user interaction, systems and software development, and service-oriented architecture?

2. A Vision

The vision has its roots in [2] with subsequent refinements [3,4] leading to an analysis and synthesis performed in 2008 and updated in 2009 by ERCIM (http://). It is based on the architecture proposed for the UK e-Science program [2] and is represented in Figure 1.

Let us imagine a possible state in 20 years’ time. The problems facing Europe — and the world —

(from continent through country to individual person scale) are large, complex, and require unprecedented

scientific, mathematical, and IT skills for their solution.

There is a fast, reliable, inexpensive e-infrastructure providing all communication services. Persons are connected to the e-infrastructure via personal computer devices that are continuously online. The networking components of the e-infrastructure invisibly provide optimal connectivity in terms of

performance, reliability, cost, and security. The e-infrastructure physically senses, detects, records, and curates everything, using all the computers, storage devices, networks, and sensors. Subject to security,

privacy, ownership and commercial rights all computational, storage, detector, and communication facilities are available to everyone. Detectors and subsystems will occur in all environments, across all industries and social services, as also in the home environment. Subsystems are …… 此处隐藏：27897字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……