麦肯锡中国城市可持续发展报告(14)

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10,000 people per square kilometer, with the exception of Beijing, which is more densely populated, with around 14000 people per square kilometer. All top performers have a GDP per capita level of 90-100,000 RMB, and can be compared with other top GDP performers in China, where GDP per capita reaches 200,000 RMB. The comparisons indicate that, in terms of their population and economic size, the winners are well-managed in their economic development. We will explore these characteristics in greater depth later in the report.

Figure 5Top 10 cities in sustainability1

Rank

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2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10Overall scoreZhuhaiShenzhenHangzhouXiamenGuangzhouDalianFuzhouBeijingChangshaYantaiSocietyKaramayZhuhaiYangquanBeijingShaoguanZhaoqingGuangzhouPanzhihuaDaqingHangzhouEnvironmentShenzhenZhuhaiXiamenHaikouFuzhouQingdaoHangzhouChangzhouKaramayDalianEconomyBeijingShanghaiShaoxingShenzhenHangzhouSuzhouWuxiNingboJiaxingChangshaResourceNingdeBeijingZhangzhouShangluoZhongshanPutianFoshanHangzhouZhanjiangNantong

1 The ranks are based on data in 2011

Source: McKinsey analysis; UCI

Current top performers are not necessarily the same as those cities which have demonstrated the biggest improvements in sustainability. Chinese cities develop differently depending on GDP size (Figure 6). In the group of cities with the largest GDP (GDP greater than USD 20 billion), Xi’an, Changzhou, Zhongshan, show the largest improvements in sustainability, with around 5% annual growth from 2008 to 2011. In the group of cities with medium-sized GDP (GDP between USD 5 billion and 20 billion), Xinyu, Fuzhou and Zhanjiang, have roughly 7% growth. The cities of Jieyang, Sanya and Shanwei, all in the group with small-sized GDP (GDP size smaller than USD 5 billion), show high growth rates of 7-9%. Most of the cities in the top 5 in each group are from the eastern and coastal areas of China.