高中状语从句讲解+练习
发布时间：2024-11-10
高中状语从句讲解
状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：
1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词)
2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语)
3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式)
4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词)
5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词
和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:
1． 时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
翻译：
1. 当我进屋时，他正在写信。
2. 我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。
3. 他不在的时候我在。
4. 他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。
5. 我们一直等到他回来。
6. 她到11点钟才停止工作。
7. 她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。
8. 自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。
9. 我一到上海就给你写信。
10. 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。
11. 我每次乘船都晕船(get seasick)。
12. 下次你来的时候，就会见到他。
2． 地点状语从句
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
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3． 原因状语从句
常用引导词：because, since, as, since
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that,
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
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4． 目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that, in order that
有志者，事竟成。 哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。 无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。 既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。 由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。 鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。
特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
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5． 结果状语从句
常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,
特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
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6． 条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。 他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。 多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了新闻。 他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。 他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。 这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
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7． 让步状语从句
常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
1. 虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。
2. 虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。
3. 即使明天下雨，我也要去。
4. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。
5. 虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。
6. 不管别人怎么说,尽管干。
7. 不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。
8. 不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。
9. 无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。
10. 无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。
如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。 除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。 只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。 万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。 据我所知，那本书下月出版。
8． 比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
1. 玛利和我姐姐一样大。
2. 他不如杰克跑得那样快。
3. 他的书和我的一样。
4. 享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。
5. 她今年比去年进步更大。
6. 他买的书比我买的少。
7. 你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。
8. 你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。
9. 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
10. 越快越好。 越暖和越好。
9． 方式状语从句
常用引导词：as, as if, how
特殊引导词：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
1. 按照我教你的画一只猫。
2. 按照人家告诉你做的去做。
3. 看上去她好像是生病了。
4. 他的行动就好像什么也没有发生。
5.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。
状语从句练习题
1.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked.
A. if B. unless C. for D. since
3. We will work ____ we are needed.
A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever
4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that B. if C. when D. although
5._____ you go, don't forget your people.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever
6. It is about ten years _____ I met you last.
A. since B. for C. when D. as
7. They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.
A. because B. however C. when D. since
8. _____ still half drunk, he made his way home.
A. When B. Because C. Though D. As
9. _____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10. Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when C. since D. for
11. I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.
A. though B. although C. as if D. when
12. _____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When
13. _____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.
A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
14. She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.
A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as
15. We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.
A. since B. until C. because D. though
16. I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.
A. even if B. as though C. because D. until
17. Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
18. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
19. You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
20. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where
21. We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
22. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
25. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
26. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?
A. when B. that C. though D. however
27. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
28. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
29. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
30. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
32. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever
33. The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed
C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed
34. The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as
35. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although
Keys：1-5 CADAC 6-10 ABCBA 11-15 DDCAB 16-20 DABAD 21-25 CABBA
26-30 BCCBD 31-35 BACDD
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