跨文化交际中考试题

跨文化交际中考试题

Paper 1 Listening Test（此部分不要求做，熟悉题型）

Information for candidate

There are two parts to the test and you will hear each part twice.

There will be a pause before each part to allow you to look through the questions and other pauses to let you think about your answers.

Write your answers in the spaces indicated in the test paper.

You will have ten minutes at the end of the listening test to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.

Part 1 An Extended Conversation (8 points)

You are going to listen to a conversation. You will hear it twice. Answer the following questions during and after your listening. You would do best to answer questions 1-2 after the first listening, and then answer questions 3-8 after the second listening.

Choose the best answer according to what you learn from the discussion:

1. Which of these is correct?

a) Mrs. Ji was asking Jane to do her a favour.

b) Jane was asking Mrs. Ji to do her a favour.

c) Neither was doing the other a favour.

2. How was Jane feeling after this experience?

a) Confused.

b) Hurt.

c) Angry.

3. According to Jane, Mrs. Ji refused the gift…

a) politely.

b) apologetically.

c) vehemently.

4. What was Jane’s first reaction to Mrs. Ji’s departure?

a) She wondered what she had done wrong.

b) She was angry with Mrs. Ji for not taking the gift.

c) She wondered why Mrs. Ji wanted to offend her.

5. What does it mean when you “break an unwritten rule”?

a) You do something illegal without knowing it.

b) You disobey a convention that is understood by people, but not expressed. c) You offend someone from another culture very deeply.

6. What does Wing ling mean by “he was being very Chinese”?

a) She was reacting insensitively to the foreigner.

b) She was reacting in a typical Chinese way.

c) She was reacting in a way Wing Ling found annoying.

7．What does Jane mean by “accept gifts with grace”?

a) praise the person who is giving you the gift.

b) never refuse a gift

c) accept whatever you are given with politeness and gratitude.

8. This incident is an example of

a) culture shock.

b) cultural misunderstanding.

c) communication breakdown.

跨文化交际中考试题

Part 2 A Lecture (7 points)

You will hear part of a lecture by Professor Guide on The English Teacher’s Role in the Teaching of Culture Through Language. As you listen, try to answer questions 9-15. The sentences below summarize the main points of the lecture. Listen carefully and write in the words used by the lecturer to fill the gaps in the sentences.

9. A lack of knowledge about cultural differences causes

_________________________ in using English.

10. We should not expect non-English majors to ________________________, but to

have some ideas about it.

11. The three main purposes for teaching English culture through English language

instruction are 1) to impart knowledge, 2) to strengthen language proficiency, and

3) to enable the students to better ________________________.

12. The major contribution of Chinese English teachers is in

_______________________ the two cultures.

13. The translation passage stated that it was all right to arrive a little late for a meal,

so that the hostess could have ______________________.

14. That actually meant to _____________________.

15. When learners realize they are the product of a culture, they are

___________________ to learn about another culture.

Paper 2 Communication Analysis

The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication.

Question 16 ( 10 points)

Case 1:

When James Crock first came to Beijing from London to take a Chinese training course, he was invited to a party held by Chinese students. There he noticed a Chinese girl whom he wanted to get know of. He went up to her and started the following conversation.

James: Is anybody sitting here?

Girl: No, no.

James: Didn’t I see you with Professor Li the other day?

Girl: Yeh.

James: Professor is my tutor in Chinese literature. My name is James.

Girl: Nice to meet you.

James: Nice to meet you, too. Excuse me. (James stood up and went to talk with someone else, because he thought that the girl didn’t like him.)

Girl: (Thinks to herself) Why did he go away? Did I say something wrong?

Question 17 (10 points)

Case 2:

This is a more complicated case than Case 1. In the analysis you should focus on the intentions of the communicators:

Liz, an American woman married to a Chinese businessman had immigrated to US recently. Her mother-in-law came to visit them at their Chicago home. The following conversation between Liz and Dick, her husband, took place two days after the

跨文化交际中考试题

mother’s arrival.

Liz: Dick, how long is your mum going to stay?

Dick: I don’t know. I haven’t asked her.

Liz: Why not ask her?

Dick: What do you mean by asking her?

Liz; I mean what I said. Just ask her how long she’s going to stay.

Dick (becoming angry): Are you eager to get rid of her?

Question 18 (10 points)

Case 3:

Shao Bin, a Chinese student studying in Britain, was once invited by her British classmate Brian to his house to cook a Chinese meal. Her two Chinese friends were also invited. They busied themselves in the kitchen, making dumplings while Brian did something in the garden and his wife sat on the sofa reading. Shao Bin felt a little upset for she thought that both the host and the hostess should offer to help with the kitchen work. The meal was great and everyone enjoyed themselves. The couple kept complimenting them on their cooking skills and asked for the recipe. But then after the meal, the couple just put down their chopsticks and started minding their own business, leaving the three Chinese guests to clear the table and do the dishes. Shao Bin felt absolutely confused or even angry. She concluded that…

Paper 3 Vocabulary (10 points)

Choose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words on your answer paper next to the

_________________ are also an integral part.

20. Electronic signals can be sent from one machine to another, but in order for the

message to be understood the signals must be _____________________.

21. Every ________________________ a speaker makes carries a certain meaning.

22. In comparison with western cultures, Chinese culture seems to contain a greater

degree of ______________________, which can be misinterpreted as excess humility.

23. One of the most complicated aspects of Chinese culture for foreign learners is the

complexity of __________________ used in denoting different members of a family.

24. It is difficult for foreigners to understand the British pub culture, especially the

system of _____________________ which all members of the group are expected to join in.

25. I saw John looking miserable the other day, I think he and his girlfriend must have

finally _____________________.

26. Male culture is an interesting phenomenon, especially the way men feel they have

to ____________________ in their peer group.

跨文化交际中考试题

27. It is interesting how British and American cultures misinterpret each other ways of

______________________: the Americans’ very open way of doing it is seen as arrogant by the British, and the Britons’ very subtle way of dong it is seen by Americans as being too humble.

28. It’s amazing how many _____________________ there are in English for taboo

subjects, such as talking about death or sex.

Paper 4 Translation

Question 29 (15 points)

Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.

If Western individualism can be traced to liberalism, eastern collectivism is tied to Confucianism. Confucianism gives pride of place to social order and harmony. “All individuals are conceived to be linked in a web of interrelatedness… and … embedded and situated in particular roles and stations” (Kim et al, 1994: 8). Duty and loyalty to the group are the Confucian counterparts of the egalitarian rules and regulations of the individualist society. Collectivists owe duty to their immediate in-groups and, to the extent that they fail to act in accordance with these duties and obligations, they lose face. Special concern and care – even to the point of self-abnegation and sacrifice – will be shown for those that count, whereas outsiders (who are unrelated and thus do not count) may be treated with “wariness and even callousness” (Young, 1994:56).

Of curse it is important to recognize the complexity of these constructs. No culture is completely individualist or collectivist. Rather, cultures vary in the mix of values they espouse, with some accepting more individualist notions, and others orienting more toward collectivist values. Nevertheless, most English speaking countries tend to view the world from a relatively individualist perspective, while China tends to be more collectivist.

Paper 5 Reading

Reading Passage 1

Questions 30—35 (21 points)

Chinese make a clear distinction between insiders and outsiders, and this distinction exists on all levels of interpersonal interaction. Insiders consist of people from two categories: automatic and selected. Automatic insiders include one’s parents, siblings, relatives, colleagues, and classmates, whereas selected ones are special relations that one has developed over time at work or elsewhere. For example, a person is considered an insider at work after he or she has developed a special relationship by helping others and sharing information with the others. The five common criteria of an insider are nice, trustworthy, caring, helpful, and empathetic.

The distinction between an insider and an outsider provides specific rules of interaction in Chinese interpersonal relationships. Insiders often are treated differently from outsiders and a person with insider status often enjoys privileges and special treatment beyond an outsider’s comprehension. To illustrate, a Chinese person may go beyond his or her means to help an insider, but an outsider has to follow the rules. The insider-outsider distinction also involves moral implication. In the Chinese culture, moral judgments are not only cognitively but affectivity(情感的) based. Moral stands tend to vary from one relationship to another.

Family-centred “insider” relationships have two important implications for relationship development with strangers (i.e., outsiders). First, as King and Band

跨文化交际中考试题

argue, the importance of family and the sense of dependency built up in the Chinese family system make it difficult to develop personal relationships with strangers. In the Chinese culture, the transformation from a wai ren (outsider) to a zi ji ren (insider) involves an arduous and time-consuming process, because personal relationships often take a long time to develop. After a result

E-mail : yaosh726@http://