A356铝合金的组织与性能研究

目 录

摘要 ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 2 1 绪 论 ................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 引言............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 铝及其合金概述........................................................................................................ 1 1.3 热处理工艺................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 A356铝合金研究现状 ............................................................................................... 3 1.5 主要内容.................................................................................................................... 4 2 实验方法及过程 ................................................................................................................. 4

2.1 合金成分.................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 试样制备和热处理方法............................................................................................ 4

2.2.1 试样切割.......................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 热处理.............................................................................................................. 5 2.3 金相观察.................................................................................................................... 6

2.3.1 金相试样的制备.............................................................................................. 6 2.3.2 金相观察.......................................................................................................... 7 2.4 力学性能的测试........................................................................................................ 7

2.4.1 硬度测试.......................................................................................................... 7 2.4.2 拉伸性能测试.................................................................................................. 7

3 实验结果及分析 ................................................................................................................. 8

3.1 金相组织观察结果.................................................................................................... 8

3.1.1 热处理前的微观组织...................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 热处理后的微观组织.................................................................................... 10 3.2 力学性能分析.......................................................................................................... 11

3.2.1 表面硬度........................................................................................................ 11 3.2.2 拉伸性能........................................................................................................ 14

4 结 论 ................................................................................................................................. 15 致 谢 ..................................................................................................................................... 16 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 17 百色学院本科毕业论文（设计）诚信保证书 ................................................................... 19

{ TC “摘要”l 1 }摘 要：对A356铝合金分别进行金相观察和力学试验，研究其

微观组织及性能，同时探讨热处理方式对A356铝合金组织与性能的影响，结果发现枝状晶比较粗大，分布松散，表面硬度、抗拉强度和屈服强度都较低，塑性较好。经一定热处理后，粗大共晶硅熔断形成分布均匀、趋于球化的细小颗粒，除了塑性有所降低外，其他力学性能都有了显著提高。最佳热处理工艺为(560℃+6h)固溶+（180℃+4h)人工时效。

关键词：A356铝合金；固溶处理；时效处理；力学性能；微观组织

Research on Microstructure and Properties of A356

Aluminum Alloy

{ TC “Abstract”l 1 }Abstract：The microstructures and properties of A356

aluminum alloy were investigated by means of optical metallography and tensile test. Meanwhile, the effects of heat treatment on microstructure were analyzed. The results show that the more coarse dendrites are evenly distributed, the lower hardness, tensile strength, yield strength and the greater plastic are obtained. The coarse dendrites are broken off, uniform distribution and granular after heat treatment. The mechanical properties have significantly improved except for ductility. The optimized solution treatment for 6 hours at 560℃ and aging treatment for 4 hours at 180℃ are recommended.

Key words：A356 aluminum alloy; Solid solution treatment; Aging treatment; Mechanical properties; microstructure

1 绪 论 1.1 引言

材料是国民经济和社会发展的重要物质基础，是现代技术的三大支柱之一，其中，铸造铝合金在工程材料领域中又占有非常重要的地位。由于现代高科技材料的使用需要更多的优良性能，力学研究也从宏观力学分 …… 此处隐藏：11429字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……