阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

发布时间：2024-10-15

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

*第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning

In what may be bad news for bar s and pub s, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol〔乙醇〕outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libation s〔酒〕with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the dinking patterns of l , 500 patient s〔患者〕from four cancer studies and another 3 , 500 adult s who had never had cancer.

After the researchers account ed for the amount of alcohol consum ed〔消耗、消费〕, they found that individual s who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral〔口头的〕cavity〔腔〕, pharynx〔咽〕,and esophagus〔食道〕, when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal〔喉的〕cancer. "Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites trace d to smoking or drinking by the study volunteers ," Dal Maso says. The discouraging〔令人沮丧的〕news , his team reports , is that drinking with meals did't eliminate〔排除〕cancer risk at any of the sites.

For their new analysis , the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups ,based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up to20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day. Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily(稳定地) with consumption（疾病）even for people who reported drinking only with meals. For instance , compared with people in the lowest-consumption group , participant s （参加者、参与者）who drank 2l to 34 alcohol servings a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the larynx. If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals , those in the higher consumption group at least quadruple d their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.

People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had l0 times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and l6 times the

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast , laryngeal cancer risk in the high-intake ,

with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drrank with meals.

"Alcohol can inflame tissues. Over time ，that inflammation can trigger cancer. " Dal Maso says. He suspect s that food reduced cancer risk either by partially coating digestive－tract tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues. He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol.

练习:

l. Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people

A who drink alcohol outside of meals.

B who drink alcohol at meals.

C who never drink alcohol.

D who drink alcohol at bars and pubs.

2. Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about "drinking with meals"

A It has a lower risk of cancer than drinking without food.

B It may also be a cause of cancer.

C It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites.

D It does not eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.

3. Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day?

A 3 drinks.

B 8 drinks.

C 20 drinks.

D 56 drinks.

4. Which cancer risk is the lowest among all the four kinds of cancer mention ed in the passage?

A Oral cancer.

B Laryngeal cancer.

C Pharyngeal cancer.

D Esophageal cancer.

5. According to the last paragraph,tissue's lower exposure to alcohol

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

A explains why inflammation triggers cancer.

B accounts for why food can coat digestive-tract tissues.

C is the reason why food can scrub alcohol off tissues.

D reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer.

第三十七篇"不要在就餐时间以外饮酒"有了新含义

一定程度上，这对酒吧可能是一个坏消息，欧洲一个研究小组发现人们在就餐时间以外饮酒会使患口腔和颈部癌症的概率比就餐时饮酒更高。Luigino Dal Maso和他的同事们研究了取自4项癌症研究的1500个病例的饮酒习惯模式和另外3500个从没患癌症的成年人的饮酒习惯模式。

在研究者分析了饮酒的总量后，他们发现和只在就餐时饮酒的人相比，在就餐时间以外灌下大量烈酒的人面临至少50%-80%的患口腔癌、咽癌和食道癌的危险。在就餐时间外饮酒也会使患喉癌的可能性增加至少20%0"被研究者的情况说明大约95%患以上4种癌症的原因就是抽烟或饮酒。"DalMaso说。他的研究小组提供的报告中令人沮丧的消息是就餐时饮酒不会消除患以上任何一种癌症的危险。

为了进行新的分析，欧洲科学家根据每星期平均饮酒量将被研究者分为4组。饮酒量最少的一组包括每周平均饮酒量达20杯的人，饮酒量最高的一组每周饮酒至少56杯，平均每天8杯以上。患口腔癌和颈部癌的危险随着饮酒量而稳定上升，即使是那些只在就餐时饮酒的人。例如，和低饮酒量的人相比，每周饮酒21-34杯的人患除喉癌以外其他部位的癌症的危险增加了一倍。如果这几组中的人在就餐时间以外饮酒，那些属于高饮酒量组的人会使他们患口腔癌和食道癌的危险至少增加3倍。

和每周只在就餐时平均饮酒至多20杯的人相比，高饮酒量组的人在就餐时间饮酒患口腔癌的危险是低饮酒量组的10倍，咽癌是其7倍，食道癌是16倍。相反，酒精高摄入且仅在就餐时饮酒的人患喉癌的危险是酒精低摄入且仅在就餐时饮酒的人的3倍。

"酒精能使组织发炎，一段时间后，炎症可引发癌症。"DalMaso说。他认为食物降低了患癌症的危险，或是通过覆盖在消化道组织上或是通过将酒精从那些

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

组织上擦掉。他推测所有被研究者患喉癌的概率比其他癌症低很多的原因是喉部组织被酒精侵害到的部分少得多。

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

+第三十七篇"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning

In what may be bad news for bar s and pub s, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libation s with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the dinking patterns of l , 500 patient s from four cancer studies and another 3 , 500 adult s who had never had cancer.

After the researchers account ed for the amount of alcohol consum ed, they found that individual s who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx,and esophagus, when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer. "Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites trace d to smoking or drinking by the study volunteers ," Dal Maso says. The discouraging news , his team reports , is that drinking with meals did't eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.

For their new analysis , the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups ,based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up to20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day. Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals. For instance , compared with people in the lowest-consumption group , participant s who drank 2l to 34 alcohol servings a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the larynx. If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals , those in the higher consumption group at least quadruple d their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.

People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had l0 times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and l6 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast , laryngeal cancer risk in the high-intake ,

阅读理解-第三十七篇不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义

with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals.

"Alcohol can inflame tissues. Over time，that inflammation can trigger cancer. " Dal Maso says. He suspect s that food reduced cancer risk either by partially coat ing digestive-tract tissues or by scrub bing alcohol off those tissues. He speculate s that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol.

练习：

l. Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people

A who drink alcohol outside of meals.

B who drink alcohol at meals.

C who never drink alcohol.

D who drink alcohol at bars and pubs.

2. Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about "drinking with meals"

A It has a lower risk of cancer than drinking without food.

B It may also be a cause of cancer.

C It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites.

D It does not eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.

3. Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day?