国际商务英语-名词解释

Lesson 1

Visible trade有形贸易: The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)

Invisible trade无形贸易: The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.

FDI( foreign direct investments) is made of returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in a host country.

Portfolio investment证券投资: Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling.

Stocks股票: Capital stocks or bonds.

Bonds债券: The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest.

Licensing许可经营: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty.

Franchising特许经营: a firm called the franchisee, is allowed to operate in the name of another, called the franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos, and operating techniques for royalty.

Franchiser特许方: A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty.

Franchisee被特许方: A firm is allowed to operate in the name of another.

Management contract管理合同: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume.

Turnkey project“交钥匙”工程: a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing , contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion .

International investment国际投资: Supplying capital by residents of one country to another.

International business国际商务: Transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.

BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey project where B stands for build, O for operate and T for transfer. For a BOT project , a firm operate a facility for a period of time after bulding it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company .

Lesson 2

GNP国民生产总值: Gross national Product. The market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy.

GDP国内生产总值: Gross Domestic Product. The market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.

Per capita GDP人均国内生产总值: It is calculated by dividing its total GDP by its population, which reveals the average income level of consumers.

Income distribution收入分布: The proportions of its rich, middle income and poor people.

capability at/in cost for/of at reasonable costs levied on take into account without reference to (不针对) make efforts to engage in

Lesson 3

Free trade area自由贸易区: The members remove barriers to trade among themselves while still adopts each own external policy

Customs union关税同盟: The members remove barriers to trade among themselves and adopt the same external policy Common market共同市场: The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production and adopt the same external policy.

Economic Union (EU)经济同盟: The members remove barriers not only to trade but also to factors of production, adopt the same external policy and harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies and use the same currency.

Lesson 4

Parent MNC headquarter跨国公司母公司，总部is the original investing multinational corporation . It is also the international headquarters of the MNE .

MNC跨国公司=TNC: Multinational corporation, are made up of vast numbers of foreign subsidiaries, companies in which over 50 percent is owned by the parent company.

MNE跨国企业: Multinational enterprise: A typical multinational enterprise shall be defined as a business organization which owns (whether wholly or partly), controls and manages assets, often including productive resources, in more than one country, through its member companies incorporated separately in each of these countries. Each member company is known as a multinational corporation.

Home county母国: The country where the headquarter of the investor is located.

Host country东道国: The host country is a foreign country where the investor operates.

Lesson 5

Absolute advantage绝对利益: It holds that a commodity will be produced in the country where it costs least in terms of resources (capital, land and labor)

Comparative advantage比较利益: Even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade.

International trade国际贸易: The exchange of goods and services produced in one country with those produced in another sufficient.

Primary commodities：those commodities not processed，or only slightly processed，usually farm produce or raw materials.

Specialization专业化: To restrict one’s economic activities to certain particular fields.

Lesson 6

Import duties进口关税: Tariffs levied on goods entering an area

Export duties出口关税: Taxes levied on goods leaving an area

Tariff关税: A tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of a custom area.

Quota配额: A quota limits the imports or export …… 此处隐藏：20853字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……