影响人类历史进程的100名人排行榜

时间：2025-07-12

英文版

Name Religious Affiliation

Influence

Prophet of Islam; conqueror of Arabia; Hart recognized that

ranking Muhammad first might be controversial, but felt that, from a secular historian's perspective, this was the correct choice because Muhammad is the only man to have been both a founder of a major world religion and a major

1 Muhammad

Islam

(rejected

military/political leader.More

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Isaac Newton Jesus Christ Buddha Confucius St. Paul Ts'ai Lun

Johann Gutenberg Christopher Columbus Albert Einstein Louis Pasteur

of the Primitive Church)

Judaism; Christianity Hinduism; Buddhism

physicist; theory of universal gravitation; laws of motion founder of Christianity founder of Buddhism

Confucianism founder of Confucianism Judaism; Christianity proselytizer of Christianity Chinese traditional religion inventor of paper

developed movable Catholic Catholic Catholic

type;printed Bibles explorer; led Europe to Americas

physicist; relativity; Einsteinian physics scientist; pasteurization astronomer; accurately described heliocentric solar system

influential Greek philosopher

mathematician; Euclidian

12 13 14 15

Galileo Galilei Aristotle Euclid Moses

Platonism / Greek philosophy Judaism

16 17 18 19

geometry

major prophet of Judaism biologist; described Darwinian evolution, which had

theological impact on many

Charles Darwin religions Shih Huang Ti Chinese traditional religion Chinese emperor Augustus Caesar Roman state paganism ruler

astronomer; taught

Nicolaus Copernicus heliocentricity

英文版

Antoine Laurent Lavoisier

21 22 23 24 25 26

Roman state paganism;

Constantine the Great Christianity James Watt Michael Faraday

father of modern chemistry;

philosopher; economist Roman emperor who completely legalized

Christianity, leading to its status as state religion.

Convened the First Council of Nicaea that produced the Nicene Creed, which rejected Arianism (one of two major strains of Christian thought) and established Athanasianism

(Trinitarianism, the other strain) as "official doctrine." developed steam engine physicist; chemist; discovery of magneto-electricity physicist; electromagnetic spectrum

founder of Protestantism and Lutheranism

first president of United States founder of Marxism, Marxist Communism

inventors of airplane Mongol conqueror

economist; philosopher; expositor of capitalism;

author: The Theory of Moral Sentiments

literature; also wrote 6

James Clerk Maxwell Martin Luther

Catholic; Lutheran

27 28 29

George Washington

Karl Marx Orville and Wilbur Wright

Genghis Khan

Mongolian shamanism

Adam Smith Edward de Vere a.k.a. William Shakespeare

Liberal Protestant

32 33 34 35 36

volumes about philosophy

and religion

chemist; physicist; atomic theory; law of partial

John Dalton pressures (Dalton's law) Alexander the Great Greek state paganism conqueror Napoleon Bonaparte French conqueror

inventor of light bulb,

Thomas Edison phonograph, etc. Antony van microscopes; studied

英文版

37 38 39 40 41 42

43 44 45

Leeuwenhoek microscopic life William T.G. Morton ?? pioneer in anesthesiology Guglielmo Marconi inventor of radio

conqueror; led Axis Powers in

Adolf Hitler WWII

Plato founder of Platonism

British political and military

Oliver Cromwell Puritan (Protestant) leader Alexander Graham Bell Unitarian/Universalist inventor of telephone

penicillin; advances in

bacteriology, immunology and

Alexander Fleming Catholic chemotherapy

philosopher and liberal

John Locke theologian Ludwig van Beethoven composer

a founder of quantum

mechanics; discovered

principle of uncertainty; head of Nazi Germany's nuclear

46 47

Werner Heisenberg Louis Daguerre

program

an inventor/pioneer of photography

National hero of Venezuela,

48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Simon Bolivar Rene Descartes Michelangelo Pope Urban II

Colombia, Ecuador, Peru,

and Bolivia

Rationalist philosopher and

mathematician Catholic

painter; sculptor; architect called for First Crusade Second Caliph; expanded Muslim empire

king of India who converted to and spread Buddhism Early Christian theologian described the circulation of blood; wrote Essays on the Generation of Animals, the basis for modern embryology physicist; pioneer of subatomic physics

'Umar ibn al-Khattab Islam Asoka St. Augustine

Buddhism

55 56

William Harvey Ernest Rutherford

英文版

57 58 59

John Calvin Gregor Mendel Max Planck Protestant; Calvinism

Protestant reformer; founder of Calvinism Mendelian genetics

physicist; thermodynamics principal discoverer of antiseptics which greatly reduced surgical mortality built first four-stroke internal combustion engine

Spanish conqueror in South America; defeated Incas conquered Mexico for Spain; through war and introduction of new diseases he

largelydestroyed Aztec civilization

3rd president of United States

60 61 62

Joseph Lister Quaker

Nikolaus August Otto ?? Francisco Pizarro

Catholic

63 64 65 66 67 68

Hernando Cortes Thomas Jefferson Queen Isabella I Joseph Stalin Julius Caesar William the Conqueror

Catholic

Catholic Spanish ruler

revolutionary and ruler of USSR