2012年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案(详解)

2012年12月全国大学英语四级等级考试试题及答案(详解)

Part I Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy entitled How Will

Our Life Go on without Internet. You should write at least 120 words

following the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活

2. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行

3. 你对网络依赖症的看法

How Will Our Life Go on without Internet

___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________

Part II Reading Comprehension (skimming and scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer

the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer

from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete

the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Time Off from Work Gains in Importance

American workers are saying they need a break. As their number of hours clocked on the job has crept higher, more time off has become a bigger priority. In the past few years, human resources experts say time off has consistently placed among the top three employee concerns, along with compensation and staffing levels, whereas it used to be farther down the list. In a http://www.77cn.com.cn poll taken online in November 2004, 39% of workers said if given

the choice, they would choose time off over the equivalent in additional base salary. Of

course, most of the 4,600 respondents are still opting for the bigger paycheck, but the desire for time off is up almost 20% from just three years ago when http://www.77cn.com.cn conducted a similar poll.

The reasons for this shift are many and varied. Some have to do with the way a new

generation is thinking about work, while others are driven by how companies are responding to recent economic pressures.

A New Generation

The results may in part represent the needs of a new breed of workers. The average American is working one month (160 hours) more each year than a generation ago.

According to recruiting and human capital management expert John Sumser, younger

workers work for meaning first and money second. He goes on to warn employers that these are the people who are the foundation for the next workforce and they may not buy the existing paradigm (范例). A study released in late 2004 by the New York-based Families and Work Institute concludes that the new brand of young workers is rejecting the

work-centric style of their parents’ generation. The study, which examines changes in the workforce over the past 25 years, found that younger workers are more likely to be

“family-centric” or “dual-centric” (with equal priorities on both career and family) rather than “work-centric” when compared to members of the Boomer Generation.

September 11th and the End of the Roaring Nineties

The impact of the terrorist attacks of September 11th cut across all age groups of the workforce. We collectively entered a new era, reevaluating life’s priorities and making changes in our attitude toward time spent at work versus hobbies and family. “I started

looking at things completely differently. I’ve been far less willing to put in the 14-hour days necessary to get noticed and climb the corporate ladder,” said Tony Jackson, a 43-year-old employee of a New York City-based financial services company. “Frankly, I can’t see that changing.”

Even before September 11th, some experts say the slow shift in worker attitudes was already underway due to the end of the roaring 1990’s, when hours were long and significant personal wealth was created. For those who fared well financially, some opted for careers of contract work where they could call more of the shots pertaining to (与……有关的) time off, or new occupations with greater personal rewards. For others, even if their bank accounts were not spilling over from America’s economic heyday (全盛时期), their own energy had been depleted due to unrelenting (毫不松懈的) years of work hours and high stress. They were ready for something less taxing.

Families and Work Institute President and co-founder Ellen Galinsky agrees. She says the http://www.77cn.com.cn poll numbers show evidence of an increase in need for time off and a shift in thinking due to the fact that workers have been pushed to their limit in recent years. “This new generation of workers is at the edge of how long they can work. It just feels like too much. They are not slackers (懒虫); they just don’t want more,” says Galinsky.

Monetary Needs Less Intense Due to Dual Income Households

“We’ve decided we prefer to have more time to ourselves,” says Carol Kornhaber, a

New England software programmer in her late twenties. Kornhaber and her husband are both working but have sought out jobs where they are not pressed to put in long hours. Instead, they have insisted upon eight-hour days and having enough vacation time to travel, a major interest they share. Financial pressures are eased by both of them working and keeping a careful watch on their expenses. “We are lucky in a lot of ways to have found bosses who understand our needs.”

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