英语国家概况课后题汇总答案

时间：2025-07-08

英美社会与文化复习题

I. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1.

The two main islands of the British Isles are . A. Great Britain and Ireland C. Great Britain and Wales 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

A. Belfast A. 160

B. Great Britain and Scotland D. Great Britain and England C. Aberdeen

C. 60

D. Cardiff D. 16

is the capital city of Scotland.

B. Edinburgh

B. 600

According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest. A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England. A. northeastern A. Celtic

B. southeastern

C. northwestern

C. Germanic

D. southwestern

D. Roman

English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.

B. Indo-Iranian

The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English. A. Danish and Finnish C. French and Italian

B. Dutch and German D. Latin and Greek C. German

D. Danish

D. pronunciation

D. one fifth

8. 9.

The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence. A. Norman A. grammar A. half

B. Dutch

Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of B. handwriting B. a quarter

C. spelling C. one third

10. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English. 11. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.

A. Norman

B. Danish

C. Celtic

D. Germanic

12. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.

A. Celtic Christianity C. Germanic Christianity A. St. Augustine

B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity

D. Roman Christianity

13. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .

B. Edward the Confessor D. Alfred the Great

B. signing of the Magna Carta

C. William the Conqueror A. Viking invasion

14. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.

C. Norman Conquest A. the House of Valois C. the House of Tudor A. divorce his wife

D. Adoption of common law B. the House of York D. the House of Lancaster

B. break with Rome

D. declare his supreme power over the church

15. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .

16. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .

C. support the Protestants

17. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between A. Protestants and Puritans

B. Royalists and Parliamentarians

C. nobles and peasants A. Bill of Rights

D. aristocrats and Christians B. Act of Supremacy D. Magna Carta

C. 19th C. 19th

D. 20th D. 20th

18. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.

C. Provisions of Oxford A. 17th A. 17th

19. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.

B. 18th B. 18th

20. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the century. 21. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches

with the exception of the A. judiciary

B. legislature

C. monarchy

D. executive

22. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .

A. passing the bills C. political parties A. rival

B. advising the government D. public attitude

D. inspect

23. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.

B. complement

C. criticize

24. British Cabinet works on the principle of .

A. collective responsibility C. defending the collectivism A. make decisions A. three A. Wales

B. individual responsibility D. defending the individuals

C. pass bills C. five

D. supervise the Cabinet D. six

25. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .

B. give advice B. four

26. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years. 27. has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.

B. England B. two-party

C. Scotland

D. Northern Ireland

D. multi-party

28. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.

A. single-party

C. three-party

29. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .

A. government intervention C. social reform

B. nationalization of enterprises D. a belief in individualism B. improved public transportation D. enhanced the economic development

C. 1880s C. 1947

D.1890s D. 1948

30. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A. set up the National Health Service C. abolished the old tax system A. 1860s A. 1945

31. The British economy achieved global dominance by the B. 1870s B. 1946

32. In 33. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.

A. oil crisis

B. high inflation rates D. unemployment problem

B. shortening the unemployment benefits period D. lowering old age pensions

C. large imports

34. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.

A. reducing child benefits C. reducing the unemployment

35. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except

A. limiting government spending C. reducing unemployment A. 54%

B. keeping inflation under control D. reducing inequality

C. 74%