圣经与文学Lecture 8

圣经与文学

Lecture 8: Introduction The Historical Books of the Old Testament

圣经与文学

Old Testament Books The Old Testament has 39 books total, which consist of... Pentateuch - 5 books Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy

Historical Books - 12 books Joshua, Judges, Ruth, First Samuel, Second Samuel, First Kings, Second Kings, First Chronicles, Second Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther.Poetic books- 5 books Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon

Prophetic books- 17 books Major Prophets - Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel Minor Prophets - Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi.

圣经与文学

The Historical Books Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1st Samuel, 2nd Samuel, 1st Kings, 2nd Kings, 1st Chronicles, 2nd Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Tobit* Judith*, Esther, 1st Maccabees*, 2nd Maccabees* The remainder of the Old Testament books are divided by the Jews into categories of prophets and writings. However, Christians organize it differently into sections of historical books, wisdom books, and books of prophecy.The historical books tell the history of Israel from the time of Moses until several hundred years before the time of Jesus. After 40 years in the desert, the Hebrews conquered their Promised Land of Canaan. For a time, the tribes of Israel were ruled by a series of judges. Then, in the eleventh century B.C., came the monarchy with Kings Saul, David, Solomon and several other kings. Israel suffered a number of military defeats. Jerusalem was destroyed in 586 B.C. and many captives were taken away to Babylon. Eventually, the people were allowed to return and rebuild Jerusalem and their civilization.

圣经与文学

Historical Books - 12 books total Joshua - First half of Joshua describes the 7-year conquest of the Land of Promise. The last half deals with partitioning the lands to the people. Judges - Time of Judges. This was a bad time period. The Israelites did not drive out all the inhabitants of Canaan and began to take part in their idolatry. 7 cycles of foreign oppression, repentance, and deliverance. In the end, the people failed to learn their lesson. Ruth - Kinsman redeemer in Boaz, redeeming Ruth, a Moabitess. Speaks of righteousness, love, and faithfulness to the Lord.

圣经与文学

The next 6 books trace the time from Samuel to the Captivity First Samuel - Samuel carries Israel from judges to King Saul Second Samuel - David as King, adultery, and murder. First Kings - Solomon, Israel is powerful. Solomon dies, then division of tribes: 10 to the north and 2 to the south. Second Kings - The Divided Kingdom. All 19 kings of Israel were bad; therefore, captivity in Assyria (722 B.C.). In Judah, 8 of 20 rulers were good but went into exile too. First Chronicles - A recounting of the history of Israel to the time of Solomon. Second Chronicles - continued recounting of the life of Solomon, building of temple, to the captivity. History of Judah only.

圣经与文学

The Next 3 books deal with Israel's Restoration. Ezra -

Cyrus let most of the Jews return to their land of Israel. Zerubbabel led the people (539 B.C.). Ezra returned later with more Jews (458 B.C.) Built the temple. Nehemiah - Building the walls of Jerusalem. Nehemiah got permission from the king of Persia to rebuild the walls (444 B.C.). Revival in the land. Esther - Took place during chapters 6 and 7 of Ezra. Mordecai. Plot to kill the Jewish people.

圣经与文学

Brief overview of the historical books of the Bible

The historical books of the Old Testament cover the life of the Jewish people from the time they entered the Promised Land under Joshua the son of Nun (1451 BC) to the time of the Maccabees (150 BC). In particular, the books of Joshua and Judges cover the earliest period in the history of the Jewish people, when the Jewish tribes that populated the Promised Land had not yet been united into one state, but were separate from each other to a lesser or greater extent. The books of Kings and Chronicles cover the monarchical period in the history of the Jewish people that lasted about five hundred years.

圣经与文学

This period ended with the fall of the Kingdom of Judah and the beginning of the Babylonian captivity in 586 BC. The books of Ezra, Nehemiah, Judith and Esther tell us of the events that followed the Babylonian captivity and of the restoration of Jerusalem. Finally, the books of the Maccabees cover the last period of the Old Testament history of the Jewish people, as they were fighting for independence several hundred years before Christ.

圣经与文学

The political and spiritual development of the Jewish nation spanned many centuries and took place in several stages. God chose the Jewish people to bring salvation to all nations on earth through the Jews. It was in God's plan that the Savior of the world, Christ, the first citizens of God's Kingdom and preachers of the Christian Faith should come from among the Jewish people.

圣经与文学

The Old Testament prophets, being sent by God, spiritually prepared the ground in the Jewish nation for building God's Kingdom among people. The path of spiritual development of the Jewish people was not smooth. There were times of spiritual growth and prosperity, as well as times of decreased interest to religion and even apostasy.

圣经与文学

Of course, not everything that is found in the sacred books has equal significance for us. When reading the Old Testament history, one should remember that it covers pre-Christian era. The noble Christian principles of love for one's enemies, complete forgiveness and self-control were unknown to people in that ancient time before the coming of grace. The Jews lived sur …… 此处隐藏：8295字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……