【高考调研】(新课标)2014高三英语总复习 语法专项突破七课件 北师大版
时间:2025-07-15
时间:2025-07-15
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
语法专项(七)情态动词 表1 常见的情态动词的基本用法情态动词 主要用法 表示能力 表示理论上的可能性, can / could “有时候可能会” 表示请求和允许 表示请求,口语中常用 could代替can 典句例示 He can play table tennis quite well. Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes. You can have my seat. I’m going now.
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
表示惊讶、怀疑、不相 信(主要用于否定句、疑 can / could 问句和感叹句)表推测, 译为“可能”
①Can what he said just now be true? ②He can’t come now. It’s raining so hard.
高考调研表示允许、许可
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
May I use your mobile phone?
She asked if she might 在表示请求、允许时, might比may的语气更委婉 open the window. may / might 表示可能性的推测,含有 “或许;可能”之意,用 might代替may时,语气显 得更加不肯定 may用于祈使句中表示祝 愿,句式须用倒装 Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. May you return safe and sound.
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
表示“必须;应该” must 表示有把握的推测,一般用于 肯定句 表示“偏要;硬要”做某事
You must see the doctor. She must be watching TV now. If you must smoke, please go out.
have to
表示“必须;不得不”
It’s getting dark. We have to go home now.
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
用于第一、三人称的疑问句 中,表示征求对方的意见
Shall we put off the sports meeting until next week?
shall
用于第二、三人称的陈述句, ① You shall get an answer 表示说话人给对方的命令、 from me by tomorrow. 警告、允诺或威胁;此外, ② It has been announced 当颁布法律、规定时也用 that candidates shall remain shall in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
高考调研表示劝告和建议,作“应 该”讲
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
He should learn to be more polite.
表示推测,译成“按理说; It should be a good movie — its reviews were very good. 应该”
should
用在if条件句中,表示可 能性很小,但也不是完全 不可能
If anyone should phone, tell him I’m in conference.
Why / How+should表示 “意外;惊异”
Why should I help him? He’s never done anything for me.
高考调研用于表示意志或意愿 表示“请求;建议”。用 would比will委婉、客气些
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
He will give his girlfriend anything she wants. Would you like to come to my party?
will / would
表示习惯:will可表示主语 ① She will sit for hours 现在的习惯,常译为“总是; reading in the afternoon. 习惯于”。表示过去的习惯 ② When he was young, h
e 性动作时用would would listen to music alone in his room.
表示预料或猜想表示事物的某种性质或倾向
That will be the postman ringing.Wood will float on the water.
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
need
表示“需要;必要”,用于 否定句、疑问句和条件从句 中 表示“敢;敢于”,主要用 于疑问句、否定句和条件从 句中,一般不用于肯定句。I dare say是习惯说法,意为 “我想;大概” 表示劝告或建议
— Need we make the test? — No, we needn’t. How dare you talk like that?
dare
ought to
The dish is delicious. You ought to try some.
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
特 别 提 醒
1.表示经过努力而成功地做成某个具体事情时,一般用was / were able to,不用could The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 尽管大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆,但是每个人都逃了出去 2.can的一些常用固定搭配 cannot but do sth./ cannot help but do sth./ cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不;只好” cannot / can never ... enough / too再……也不为过 3.may的一些常用固定搭配 may well+动词原形意为“完全能;很可能”,may as well+ 动词 原形意为“最好;满可以;倒不如” 4.must开头的问句,其否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to代替 5.mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”
高考调研
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
表2 表示推测的情态动词用法比较一览表情态 动词 适用 句式 肯定句 must 适用时态 一般时、 进行时、 完成时 意义 典句例示
一定、 ①You must be hungry after 肯定 the long walk. ②He must be sleeping in the dormitory.
疑问句、 一般时、 否定句 进行时、 can 完成时 (could)
可能、 ① She can’t be reading in the reading room now. 能够 ② Can / Could this be an excuse for that?
高考调研may (might) 肯定 句、 否定 句肯定 句
北师大版· 英语 · 高三总复习
一般时、 也许、 ① He may not be happy. 进行时、 可能 ② He may be playing 完成时 basketball on the playground.一般时 确定 或期 待, “应 该” ① He should be around sixty years old.(确定) ② It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack should be here at the moment.(期待)
should (ought to)
will (would)
肯定 句、 否定 句、 疑问 句
一般时、 大概 进行时、 完成时
① He will have forgotten me. I left him 18 years ago. ② It would be about ten when he left home.