企业战略管理第6章

Strategy Analysis & ChoiceNature of Strategy Analysis & Choice -- Establishing long-term objectives -- Generating alternative strategies -- Selecting strategies to pursue -- Best alternative - achieve mission & objectives

Ch 6 -2

Strategy Analysis & Choice Generating Alternatives -Participation in generating alternative strategies should be as broad as possible

Ch 6 -3

Comprehensive Strategy-Formulation FrameworkStage 1: The Input Stage

Stage 2: The Matching Stage

Stage 3: The Decision Stage

Ch 6 -4

Strategy-Formulation Analytical FrameworkInternal Factor Evaluation Matrix (IFE)

Stage 1: The Input Stage

External Factor Evaluation Matrix (EFE)

Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM)

Ch 6 -5

Stage 1: The Input Stage

Basic input information for the matching & decision stage matrices Requires strategists to quantify subjectivity early in the process Good intuitive judgment always needed

Ch 6 -6

Strategy-Formulation Analytical Framework

SWOT Matrix

SPACE Matrix

Stage 2: The Matching Stage

BCG Matrix

IE Matrix

Grand Strategy Matrix

Ch 6 -7

Stage 2: The Matching Stage

Match between organization’s internal resources & skills and the opportunities & risks created by its external factors

Ch 6 -8

Stage 2: The Matching Stage SWOT MatrixStrengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

Ch 6 -9

SWOT Matrix Four Types of StrategiesStrengths-Opportunities (SO) Weaknesses-Opportunities (WO) Strengths-Threats (ST) Weaknesses-Threats (WT)

Ch 6 -10

SO Strategies

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats SWOT

SO Strategies

Use a firm’s internal strengths to take advantage of external opportunities

Ch 6 -11

WO Strategies

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats SWOT

WO Strategies

Improving internal weaknesses by taking advantage of external opportunities

Ch 6 -12

ST Strategies

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats SWOT

ST Strategies

Use a firm’s strengths to avoid or reduce the impact of external threats

Ch 6 -13

WT StrategiesDefensive tactics aimed at reducing internal weaknesses & avoiding environmental threats

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats SWOT

WT Strategies

Ch 6 -14

SWOT Matrix Developing the SWOTList firm’s key internal List firm’s key internal List firm’s key external List firm’s key external Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

Ch 6 -15

SWOT MatrixStrengths – S Leave Blank Opportunities – OList Opportuniti

es List Strengths

Weaknesses – WList Weaknesses

SO StrategiesUse strengths to take advantage of opportunities

WO StrategiesOvercoming weaknesses by taking advantage of opportunities

Threats – TList Threats

ST StrategiesUse strengths to avoid threats

WT StrategiesMinimize weaknesses and avoid threats

Ch 6 -16

Limitations with SWOT MatrixDoes not show how to achieve a competitive advantage Provides a static assessment in time May lead the firm to overemphasize a single internal or external factor in formulating strategies

Ch 6 -17

Strategy-Formulation Analytical Framework

SWOT Matrix

SPACE Matrix

Stage 2: The Matching Stage

BCG Matrix

IE Matrix

Grand Strategy Matrix

Ch 6 -18

SPACE MatrixStrategic Position & Action Evaluation Matrix

Aggressive Conservative Defensive Competitive

Ch 6 -19