摘 要

焊接是一个局部的迅速加热和冷却过程，焊接区由于受到四周工件本体的拘束而不能自由膨胀和收缩，冷却后在焊件中便产生焊接应力和变形。重要产品焊后都需要消除焊接应力，矫正焊接变形。

现代焊接技术已能焊出无内外缺陷的、机械性能等于甚至高于被连接体的焊缝。被焊接体在空间的相互位置称为焊接接头，接头处的强度除受焊缝质量影响外，还与其几何形状、尺寸、受力情况和工作条件等有关。接头的基本形式有对接、搭接、丁字接（正交接）和角接等。

未来的焊接工艺，一方面要研制新的焊接方法、焊接设备和焊接材料，以进一步提高焊接质量和安全可靠性，如改进现有电弧、等离子弧、电子束、激光等焊接能源；运用电子技术和控制技术，改善电弧的工艺性能，研制可靠轻巧的电弧跟踪方法。

关键词：送丝机 水平调节机构 蜗轮蜗杆 标准件

ABSTRACT

Welding is a local rapid heating and cooling process, the welding zone due to the surrounding workpiece body restraint and not free expansion and contraction, after cooling to the welding pieces will produce the welding stress and deformation.

Important products after welding to eliminate welding stress, welding distortion.

Modern welding technology has been able to weld without external defect,

mechanical properties equal to or greater than the connected body weld. Welded body in the space of the mutual position known as the welding joint, joint strength in weld quality influence, but also its shape, size, stress and the working condition of the. The basic form of butt joint, lap, tee joint (positive transfer ) and the angle joint etc..

The future of welding process, one should develop new welding method, welding equipment and welding materials, to further improve the welding quality and reliability, such as improving the existing arc, plasma arc, electron beam welding, laser energy; the