电视台内部成本核算的探讨
时间:2025-06-30
时间:2025-06-30
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电视台内部成本核算的探讨
内容摘要: 内部成本核算是中央电视台为进一步提高管理水平,全面加强基础核算工作,而做出的一项重大改革举措。它以强化内部核算为宗旨,同时兼顾现行事业单位会计制度的核算要求,努力建立一套适合中央电视台内部管理特点的基础核算体系。
这篇论文正是对于中央电视台实施内部成本核算的探讨,全文共分四部分,第一部分为电视台内部成本核算的目的与特点:推行内部成本核算的目的是为管理者决策提供真实、完整、系统的数据资料,为加强和提高内部管理水平奠定基础,为降低成本,提高资金的使用效率提供依据。内部成本核算的特点是其借鉴了广泛运用于企业的责任会计的思想,在台内划分责任中心,计算责任成本。但由于中央电视台自身事业单位的特点,其内部成本核算与一般的企业成本核算有所区别。同时,内部成本核算把成本核算作为主要核算过程的一部分,而不是辅助核算,与地方电视台的成本核算方法有着本质区别。第二部分为电视台内部成本核算的对象与项目,电视台成本核算对象有两个层次:节目制作成本与部门成本。内部成本核算的项目必须既能涵盖电视节目制作的各项支出,又在实际工作中具有可操作性。第三部分为电视台内部成本核算的程序与方法,就内部成本核算的程序而言,费用与对象结合的问题实际上就是成本形成的过程。因此不同的核算对象成本归集的程序也就有所不同。电视台内部成本核算最重要的方法就是成本费用都采取直接计入的方式,进入各个节目的成本和部门成本,基本上不做费用的分摊。第四部分为电视台内部成本核算需要注意的问题:如何利用内部成本核算数据对业绩进行评价,如何保证对权责发生制的彻底运用,如何保证对外报送会计信息的准确性,如何更好发挥预算控制作用,如何更好的发挥内部转移价格的作用。
关键词:内部成本核算 中央电视台
Abstract: In order to make further improvement on management and accounting practice, China Central Television(CCTV) takes reform measure called Internal Cost Accounting Plan(ICAP), which aims at improving internal cost accounting in CCTV as well as meeting the requirement of accounting system of nonprofit organization. Efforts are made to set up an accounting system that fits the characteristic of management in CCTV.
The thesis focuses on the discussion of ICAP practiced in CCTV; it is comprised of four parts. The first part gives detail explanations to the purpose and characteristic of ICAP; it will provide true, complete and systematic information of data for management decision, lay the foundations of energizing the administration and give the basis for reducing cost and increase economic efficiency. The characteristics of IACP are as follows: responsibility accounting system applied in enterprise is used for reference, responsibility centers are divided and responsibility cost is calculated in CCTV, however, as a nonprofit organization, the
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practice is different from that in enterprise. At the same time, CCTV regards cost accounting as a major part of accounting procedure rather than subsidiary, which is different from that other television stations are recently practicing. The second part introduces costing objects and items of ICAP. The costing objects are divided into two parts, program cost and department cost .All the expenditures occurred in program making should be covered in the costing items. The third part focuses on the procedure and method of ICAP. As far as the procedure is concerned, different procedures are used when it comes to different costing objects. The significance of the cost accounting method used in ICAP is that expenditure can be directly calculated into program cost and department cost without distribution. The fourth part emphasizes the problems should be paid attention to in ICAP, which are as follows: how to evaluate the performance with cost accounting information, how to use accrual basis of accounting thoroughly, how to ensure the integrity of accounting information in external financial report, how to let budget take effect in controlling and how to make better use of transfer price.
前言
在去年十二月到今年一月,我到中央电视台参加了中央电视台实施内部成本核算的前期筹备工作。内部成本核算是中央电视台为进一步提高管理水平,全面加强基础核算工作,而做出的一项重大改革举措。它以强化内部核算为宗旨,同时兼顾现行事业单位会计制度的核算要求,希望建立一套适合中央电视台内部管理特点的基础核算体系。
长期以来,中央电视台执行事业单位会计制度,会计核算的功能主要是满足财政部和国家主管部门的需要,满足事业单位会计制度的需要,是以电视台为整体进行总量核算。总之,中央电视台根据事业会计制度所编制的会计报表,所提供的会计信息满足了外部会计信息使用者的需要。但随着电视事业的发展,开办的电视频道和电视节目不断增加,节目制作与相应的技术装备也不断扩大,内部管理体系的专业化分工越来越深入,内部管理已渗透到每个部门、每个栏目、每个节目、甚至每一个节目的一些特殊制作阶段。从实务的角度来说,以电视台为整体的会计核算工作流程没有区分上述的成本,难以归集分部门、分栏目和分节目的成本和费用,显然不能 …… 此处隐藏:17770字,全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……
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