新人教选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions-Grammar

人教版选修8unit3语法

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions

人教版选修8unit3语法

Grammar动词-ed形式作定语 动词-ed形式作表语

动词-ed形式作宾语补足语

人教版选修8unit3语法

一、动词-ed形式作定语过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词

形容词 (the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作

之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：

spoken English (英语口语);

iced beer (冰冻啤酒);

人教版选修8unit3语法

cooked food (熟食);

fried chips (炸土豆条);但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示

“完成”的动作, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water(开水); fallen leaves(落

叶) ; the risen sun(升起的太阳)等。

人教版选修8unit3语法

1. The tall man is a returned student.高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。

2. My parents are both retired teachers.我的父母都是退休教师。

人教版选修8unit3语法

(1)前置定语单个的动词-ed形式,一般放在被修饰 的名词的前面, 作前置定语。

The excited people rushed into building.激动的人们冲进大楼。

(=the people who were excited) Lost time can never be found again.虚度的时光, 无法挽回。

(=time which is lost)

人教版选修8unit3语法

(2)后置定语①少数单个动词的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能 作后置定语。

1. Everything used should be marked. 所有用过的东西应该做好标记。 2. Among the invited were some ladies. 被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students. 剩下的书是给我的学生的。

人教版选修8unit3语法

② 动词-ed形式短语作定语时, 通常要放 在被修饰的名词的后面, 在意思上相当 于一个定语从句。及物动词的过去分词 作定语用来表示被动,可改为带被动语态 的定语从句;不及物动词的过去分词(仅 限于单个过去分词,且不能后置)则表示 完成,可改为带有完成时态的定语从句。

人教版选修8unit3语法

1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight)

2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success. 这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people)

人教版选修8unit3语法

3.We drank some boiled water (=which had boiled )and went on with our work. 我们喝了一些开水后就继续工作。 注意: 这里的过去分词的逻辑主语应是被修 饰的词, 改为定语从句时关系代词应 与之一致。

人教版选修8unit3语法

高考题 1) Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. (MET 90) A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (NMET 94) A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written

人教版选修8unit3语法

3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. (2002年全国春) A. are

bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying

人教版选修8unit3语法

5) Mr. Smith,____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春) A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored

C. tired, bored

D. tiring, boring

人教版选修8unit3语法

二、动词-ed形式作表语过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之 意， 而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：

He looked worried after reading the letter.看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。

When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。

人教版选修8unit3语法

常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的); broken(碎了的); closed(关闭的); astonished(吃惊的); crowded(拥挤的); experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的); lost(丢失的); gone(遗失的); disappointed(失望的); worried(担忧的); interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的); satisfied(满意的); surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的); known(著名的) 等等

人教版选修8unit3语法

作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等 所修饰。

I was very pleased at the news.听了这消息我很高兴。

He grew much tired of the work.他十分厌倦这工作。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea.听了这想法他似乎很高兴。