英语国家概况 谢福之Chapter 2 history

英语国家概况 Guide to English-Speaking Countries

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Chapter 2 History英 语 国 家 概 况

A Guide to English-Speaking Countries

CONTENTThe Founding of the Nation Transition to the Modern Age

I II III IV V

The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireBritain Since World war II

Additional Information

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I

The Founding of the Nation

1.1 Roman Britain and the Anglo-Saxons

1.2 Feudal Society

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1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons

1.1.1 Prehistoric Period (history undocumented)

9,000 years ago 3,000 BC

part of E-Continent Iberians (Stonehenge)

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1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons

Stonehenge巨石阵 It is the most famous prehistoric monument in Britain and is situated on Salisbury Plain in the county of Wiltshire. People began building Stonehenge about 5,000 years ago, dragging each stone into place.

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1.1.2 Celtic凯尔特 Britain (8th—5th Century BC)

The name of Britain—Britons Tribal society Celtic Language (Irish Gaelic盖尔语, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh)

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1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD—5th Century)

How many invasions? First invasion—In August 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC

Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain Left—Germanic attack in Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.

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1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD—5th Century)

Capable administrators & good builders (towns and cities & roads) Building of London River Thames “London Bridge” Building of roads

Roman Christianity St. Augustine brings Christianity 基督教to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of CanterburyPope Gregory I

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1.1.4 The Anglo-Saxon Invasion (5th—8th Century)

Germanic日耳曼人(或民族)的 people (the Jutes朱特人 from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany) English (language of the Angles) dominant language

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Do you know how the names of the days in a week came into being? The Anglo-Saxons brought their own Teutonic(日耳曼人的) religion to Britain. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday respectively derive from their gods. — Ti

u—god of war — Woden—king of heaven — Thor—god of storms — Freya—goddess of peace

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1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century—1066)

the Vikings 威金人 (from the Scandinavian countries: Norway, Denmark and Sweden) Alfred the Great, king of Wessex

A peace treaty: the eastern half of theisland was to be subject to the Danish law and come to be known as the Danelaw From 1016 to 1042, under the rule of Danish kings. In 1042, the English throne was returned to the Anglo-Saxons Alfred(阿尔弗雷德) the Great, also known as “Father of the British Navy”.Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press

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1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century—1066)

Westminster Abbey, built in1052, by the penultimate King of England, the Edward the Confessor (1042-1066)

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在泰晤士河畔，在钟声回荡的国会大厦西南侧，耸立着英 国最古老的建筑物——威斯敏斯特教堂。这里长眠着从享 利三世到乔治二世等20多位国王，憩息着牛顿、哈代、 狄更斯、达尔文、吉卜林这些享誉世界的巨人，还有二战 “不列颠之战”中牺牲的皇家空军将士。 威斯敏斯特教堂碑文(2009-03-03 19:18:45)标签： 杂谈 当我年轻的时候，我的想象漫无边际，我梦想改变这 个世界；当我成熟以后，我发现我不能改变这个世界，我 将目缩短了一些，决定只改变我的国家；当我进入暮年以 后，我发现我不能够改变我的国家，我最后的愿望仅仅是 改变我的家庭，然而，这似乎也不可能· · 现在，我已 ·· ·· 经躺在床上，就在生命将要完结的时候，我突然意识到: 如果一开始我就首先改变自己。然后，作为一个榜样，我 可能为国家做一些重要的事情就在我为国家服务的时候， 我或许能因为某些意想不到的行为，改变这个世界· · ·· ··Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press

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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest

In 1066, Edward chose Harold of Wessex to be King in his place. Duke William, often referred to as William the Conquer, challenged Harold’s succession, won the Battle of Hastings, and was crowned King.

Norman Cavalier

Duke William

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1.1.6 The Norman Conquest

In 1067, William started building the Tower of London, the great fortress which demonstrated his power and …… 此处隐藏：2714字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……