高级英语最新版,课后习题与解析unit3

EXERCISES 3

Ⅰ .Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:

1) Why did the writer go to the Aral Sea? What did he see there?

2) What was "the tunnel through time" the scientist was digging?

3) What were scientists doing in the Antarctic region?

4) Why would the thinning of the polar ice cap be disastrous to the world?

5) How will the destruction of the Amazon rain forest affect the earth's ecological balance?

6) What does the writer call "ghosts in the sky"? How are they formed?

7) Why does the writer say "our response to these signals is puzzling"”?

8) What causes global warming? Why is it considered a strategic threat?

9) What are the two key factors that define the physical reality of our relationship to the earth? What dramatic changes have occurred in these two key factors?

10) What solutions does the writer put forward to our ecological problems?

Ⅱ .Paraphrase:

1)The prospects of a good catch looked bleak

2) He moved his finger back in time to the ice of two decades ago.

3) Keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking together

4) Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef

5) Which means we are silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard

6) Considering such scenarios is not a purely speculative exercise.

7) We are ripping matter from its place in the earth in such volume as to upset the balance between daylight and darkness

8) Or have our eyes adjusted so completely to the bright lights of civilization that we can’ t see these clouds for what they are

9) To come to the question another way

10)and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societies

11)we seem oblivious of the fragility of the earth’ s natural systems

12) And this ongoing revolution has also suddenly accelerated

exponentially.

Ⅲ. Translate the following into Chinese:

1) But the most significant change thus far in the earth’s atmosphere is the one that began with the industrial revolution early in the last century and has picked up speed ever since. Industry meant coal, and later oil, and we began to burn lots of it – bringing rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO ) with its ability to trap more heat in the atmosphere and slowly warm the earth. Fewer than a hundred yards from the South Pole, upwind from the ice runway where the ski plane lands and keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking together, scientists monitor the air several times every day to chart the course of that inexorable change. During my visit, I watched one scientist draw the results of that day’ s measurements, pushing the end of a steep line higher on the graph. He told me how easy it is – there at the end of the earth – to see that this enormous change in the global atmosphere is still picking up speed.

2) However, a new class of environmental problems does affect the global ecological system, and these threats are fundamentally strategic. The 600 percent increase in the amount of chlorine in the atmosphere during the last forty years has taken place not just in those countries producing the chlorofluorocarbons responsible but in the air above every country, above Antarctica, above the North Pole and the Pacific Ocean –all the way from the surface of the earth to the top of the sky. The increased levels of chlorine disrupt the global process by which the earth regulates the amount of ultraviolet radiation from the sun that is allowed through the atmosphere to the surface: and if we let chlorine levels continue to increase, the radiation levels will also increase – to the point that all animal and plant life will face a new threat to their survival.

3) The strategic nature of the threat now posed by human civilization to the global environment and the strategic nature of the threat to human civilization now posed by changes in the global environment present us with a similar set of challenges and false hopes. Some argue that a new ultimate technology, whether nuclear power or genetic engineering, will solve the problem. Others hold that only a drastic reduction of our reliance on technology can improve the conditions of life –a simplistic notion at best. But the real solution will be found in reinventing and finally healing the relationship between civilization and the earth. This can only be accomplished by undertaking a careful reassessment of all the factors that led to the relatively recent dramatic change in the relationship. The transformation of the way we relate to the earth will of course involve new technologies, but the key changes will involve new ways of thinking about the relationship itself.

Ⅳ. Study the formation of the following nouns in each group. Give further

examples of nouns with the same suffixes.

1) radiation pollution

2) environment measurement

3) image damage

4) coldness thickness

5) emission collision

6) activity fragility

7) nature temperature

8) consequence evidence

9) frequency constancy

10) crisis paralysis

11) relationship friendship

12) truth strength

Ⅴ. The suffix -logy(-ology) means the science or study of. Add -logy(-ology) to the following words and translate them into Chinese.

1) techn -2) eco-

3) hydro-4) phreno -

5) neuro -6) path -

7) physio -8) pharmaco -

9) gynaeco -10) ocean -

11) lexico -12) archeo-

13) anthropo -14) crimin -

Ⅵ. The suffix -ist forms nouns denoting agent, follower, adherer, expert, etc. Give corresponding nouns ending in -ist for the words listed below and translate them into Chinese:

1) anarchism2) naturalism

3) biology4) psychology< …… 此处隐藏：10158字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……